tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Microbiol Immunol Infect
. 2022 May 5;S1684-1182(22)00059-7.
doi: 10.1016/j.jmii.2022.04.005. Online ahead of print.
Relationship between SARS-CoV-2 antibody titer and the severity of COVID-19
Joung Ha Park[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Min Jae Cha[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Hyewon Choi[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Min-Chul Kim[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jin-Won Chung[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Kyu-Sun Lee[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Dae Gwin Jeong[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Moon Seong Baek[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Won-Young Kim[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Yaeji Lim[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Sun Woo Yoon[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Seong-Ho Choi[SUP] 8 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: It remains unclear whether high titers of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies aggravate clinical manifestations in patients or whether severe clinical manifestations result in high antibody titers. Thus, we investigated the cause-effect relationship between SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers and disease severity.
Methods: We prospectively enrolled patients admitted with the diagnosis of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) from February 2020 to August 2020. We measured SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers, namely anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) antibody and neutralizing antibody (NAb), from blood samples and calculated the chest radiograph (CXR) scores of the patients to evaluate the severity of COVID-19.
Results: Overall, 40 patients with COVID-19 were enrolled. Pneumonia was observed in more than half of the patients (25/40, 60%). SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers were higher in patients who were aged >60 years (anti-RBD antibodies, P = 0.003 and NAb, P = 0.009), presented with pneumonia (P = 0.006 and 0.007, respectively), and required oxygen therapy (P = 0.003 and 0.004, respectively) than in those who were not. CXR scores peaked (at 15-21 days after the onset of symptoms) statistically significantly earlier than SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers (at 22-30 days for NAb and at 31-70 days for anti-RBD antibody). There was a close correlation between the maximum CXR score and the maximum SAR-CoV-2 antibody titer.
Conclusions: Based on the comparison of the peak time of SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers with the CXR score after symptom onset, we suggest that severe clinical manifestations result in high titers of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.
Keywords: Antibody titer; COVID-19; Disease severity; SARS-CoV-2.
. 2022 May 5;S1684-1182(22)00059-7.
doi: 10.1016/j.jmii.2022.04.005. Online ahead of print.
Relationship between SARS-CoV-2 antibody titer and the severity of COVID-19
Joung Ha Park[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Min Jae Cha[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Hyewon Choi[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Min-Chul Kim[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jin-Won Chung[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Kyu-Sun Lee[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Dae Gwin Jeong[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Moon Seong Baek[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Won-Young Kim[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Yaeji Lim[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Sun Woo Yoon[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Seong-Ho Choi[SUP] 8 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35570185
- DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2022.04.005
Abstract
Background: It remains unclear whether high titers of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies aggravate clinical manifestations in patients or whether severe clinical manifestations result in high antibody titers. Thus, we investigated the cause-effect relationship between SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers and disease severity.
Methods: We prospectively enrolled patients admitted with the diagnosis of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) from February 2020 to August 2020. We measured SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers, namely anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) antibody and neutralizing antibody (NAb), from blood samples and calculated the chest radiograph (CXR) scores of the patients to evaluate the severity of COVID-19.
Results: Overall, 40 patients with COVID-19 were enrolled. Pneumonia was observed in more than half of the patients (25/40, 60%). SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers were higher in patients who were aged >60 years (anti-RBD antibodies, P = 0.003 and NAb, P = 0.009), presented with pneumonia (P = 0.006 and 0.007, respectively), and required oxygen therapy (P = 0.003 and 0.004, respectively) than in those who were not. CXR scores peaked (at 15-21 days after the onset of symptoms) statistically significantly earlier than SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers (at 22-30 days for NAb and at 31-70 days for anti-RBD antibody). There was a close correlation between the maximum CXR score and the maximum SAR-CoV-2 antibody titer.
Conclusions: Based on the comparison of the peak time of SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers with the CXR score after symptom onset, we suggest that severe clinical manifestations result in high titers of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.
Keywords: Antibody titer; COVID-19; Disease severity; SARS-CoV-2.