tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Med Virol
. 2021 Sep 29.
doi: 10.1002/jmv.27365. Online ahead of print.
Association of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status with COVID-19 30-day mortality at a Philadelphia medical center using a retrospective cohort study
Dianna R Cheney-Peters[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Crystal Y Lee M P H[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Shuji Mitsuhashi[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Dina S Zaret[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Joshua M Riley[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Chantel M Venkataraman[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Joseph W Schaefer[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Brandon J George[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Chris J Li[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Christa M Smaltz[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Conor G Bradley[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Danielle M Fitzpatrick[SUP] 3 [/SUP], David B Ney[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Divya M Chalikonda[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Joshua D Mairose[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Kashyap Chauhan[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Margaret V Szot[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Robert B Jones[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Rukaiya Bashir-Hamidu[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Alan A Kubey[SUP] 1 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Objective: COVID-19 has disproportionately affected low-income communities and people of color. Previous studies demonstrated that race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES) are not independently correlated with COVID-19 mortality. The purpose of our study is to determine the effect of race/ethnicity and SES on COVID-19 30-day mortality in a diverse, Philadelphian population.
Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study in a single center tertiary care hospital in Philadelphia, PA. The study includes adult patients hospitalized with polymerase-chain-reaction-confirmed COVID-19 between March 1[SUP]st[/SUP] , 2020 and June 6[SUP]th[/SUP] , 2020. The primary outcome was a composite of COVID-19 death or hospice discharge within 30 days of discharge. The secondary outcome was intensive care unit (ICU) admission.
Results: The study included 426 patients. 16.7% died, 3.3% were discharged to hospice, and 20.0% were admitted to the ICU. Using multivariable analysis, race/ethnicity was not associated with the primary nor secondary outcome. In Model 4, age greater than 75 (Odds Ratio [OR], 11.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.96 to 61.97) and renal disease (OR 2.78; 95% CI, 1.31 to 5.90) were associated with higher odds of the composite primary outcome. "Very-low-income area" (OR 0.29; 95% CI, 0.12 to 0.71) and BMI 30-35 (OR 0.24; 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.69) were associated with lower odds of the primary outcome.
Conclusions: When controlling for demographics, SES, and comorbidities, race/ethnicity was not independently associated with the composite primary outcome. Very-low SES, as extrapolated from census-tract-level income data, were associated with lower odds of the composite primary outcome. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Biostatistics & Bioinformatics; Epidemiology; Infection; Pandemics < Epidemiology; Public policy < Social Science; SARS coronavirus < Virus classification.
. 2021 Sep 29.
doi: 10.1002/jmv.27365. Online ahead of print.
Association of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status with COVID-19 30-day mortality at a Philadelphia medical center using a retrospective cohort study
Dianna R Cheney-Peters[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Crystal Y Lee M P H[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Shuji Mitsuhashi[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Dina S Zaret[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Joshua M Riley[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Chantel M Venkataraman[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Joseph W Schaefer[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Brandon J George[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Chris J Li[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Christa M Smaltz[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Conor G Bradley[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Danielle M Fitzpatrick[SUP] 3 [/SUP], David B Ney[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Divya M Chalikonda[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Joshua D Mairose[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Kashyap Chauhan[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Margaret V Szot[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Robert B Jones[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Rukaiya Bashir-Hamidu[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Alan A Kubey[SUP] 1 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34585772
- DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27365
Abstract
Objective: COVID-19 has disproportionately affected low-income communities and people of color. Previous studies demonstrated that race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES) are not independently correlated with COVID-19 mortality. The purpose of our study is to determine the effect of race/ethnicity and SES on COVID-19 30-day mortality in a diverse, Philadelphian population.
Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study in a single center tertiary care hospital in Philadelphia, PA. The study includes adult patients hospitalized with polymerase-chain-reaction-confirmed COVID-19 between March 1[SUP]st[/SUP] , 2020 and June 6[SUP]th[/SUP] , 2020. The primary outcome was a composite of COVID-19 death or hospice discharge within 30 days of discharge. The secondary outcome was intensive care unit (ICU) admission.
Results: The study included 426 patients. 16.7% died, 3.3% were discharged to hospice, and 20.0% were admitted to the ICU. Using multivariable analysis, race/ethnicity was not associated with the primary nor secondary outcome. In Model 4, age greater than 75 (Odds Ratio [OR], 11.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.96 to 61.97) and renal disease (OR 2.78; 95% CI, 1.31 to 5.90) were associated with higher odds of the composite primary outcome. "Very-low-income area" (OR 0.29; 95% CI, 0.12 to 0.71) and BMI 30-35 (OR 0.24; 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.69) were associated with lower odds of the primary outcome.
Conclusions: When controlling for demographics, SES, and comorbidities, race/ethnicity was not independently associated with the composite primary outcome. Very-low SES, as extrapolated from census-tract-level income data, were associated with lower odds of the composite primary outcome. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Biostatistics & Bioinformatics; Epidemiology; Infection; Pandemics < Epidemiology; Public policy < Social Science; SARS coronavirus < Virus classification.