tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Infect Dis
. 2022 Feb 24;jiac068.
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac068. Online ahead of print.
The negative effect of pre-existing immunity on influenza vaccine responses transcends the impact of vaccine formulation type and vaccination history
Savannah A Moritzky[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Katherine A Richards[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Maryah A Glover[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Florian Krammer[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Francisco A Chaves[SUP] 1 [/SUP], David J Topham[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Angela Branche[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Jennifer L Nayak[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Andrea J Sant[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
The most effective measure to induce protection from influenza is vaccination. Thus, yearly vaccination is recommended, which, together with infections, establishes diverse repertoires of B cells, antibodies and T cells. Here, we examined the impact of this accumulated immunity on human responses of adults to split, subunit and recombinant protein-based influenza vaccines. ELISA assays, used to quantify serum antibodies and peptide-stimulated CD4 T cell cytokine ELISpots, revealed that pre-existing levels of HA-specific antibodies were negatively associated with gains in antibody post-vaccination, while pre-existing levels of CD4 T cells were negatively correlated with vaccine-induced expansion of CD4 T cells. These patterns were seen independently of the vaccine formulation administered and the subjects' influenza vaccine history. Thus, although memory CD4 T cells and serum antibodies consist of components that can enhance vaccine responses, on balance, the accumulated immunity specific for influenza A H1 and H3 proteins is associated with diminished future responses.
Keywords: CD4 T cells; human immunity; immune memory; influenza; vaccines.
. 2022 Feb 24;jiac068.
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac068. Online ahead of print.
The negative effect of pre-existing immunity on influenza vaccine responses transcends the impact of vaccine formulation type and vaccination history
Savannah A Moritzky[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Katherine A Richards[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Maryah A Glover[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Florian Krammer[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Francisco A Chaves[SUP] 1 [/SUP], David J Topham[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Angela Branche[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Jennifer L Nayak[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Andrea J Sant[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35199825
- DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac068
Abstract
The most effective measure to induce protection from influenza is vaccination. Thus, yearly vaccination is recommended, which, together with infections, establishes diverse repertoires of B cells, antibodies and T cells. Here, we examined the impact of this accumulated immunity on human responses of adults to split, subunit and recombinant protein-based influenza vaccines. ELISA assays, used to quantify serum antibodies and peptide-stimulated CD4 T cell cytokine ELISpots, revealed that pre-existing levels of HA-specific antibodies were negatively associated with gains in antibody post-vaccination, while pre-existing levels of CD4 T cells were negatively correlated with vaccine-induced expansion of CD4 T cells. These patterns were seen independently of the vaccine formulation administered and the subjects' influenza vaccine history. Thus, although memory CD4 T cells and serum antibodies consist of components that can enhance vaccine responses, on balance, the accumulated immunity specific for influenza A H1 and H3 proteins is associated with diminished future responses.
Keywords: CD4 T cells; human immunity; immune memory; influenza; vaccines.