tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Infect Dis. (2013) doi: 10.1093/infdis/jit020
Effectiveness of Monovalent A(H1N1)pdm09 and 2010-11 Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccines in Wisconsin During the 2010-11 Season
Allen C. Bateman1,
Burney A. Kieke1,
Stephanie A. Irving1,
Jennifer K. Meece1,
David K. Shay2 and
Edward A. Belongia1
+ Author Affiliations
1Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, WI, USA
2Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
Corresponding author: Edward A. Belongia, MD, Telephone: (715) 389-3783, Fax: (715) 389-3880, E-mail: belongia.edward@marshfieldclinic.org
Abstract
Background. Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses did not exhibit antigenic drift in the 2010-11 season, providing an opportunity to investigate duration of protection after vaccination. We estimated the independent effects of 2010-11 trivalent seasonal vaccine (TIV) and 2009 pandemic vaccine for preventing medically attended influenza A in the 2010-11 season.
Methods. Individuals were tested for influenza by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) after a clinical encounter for acute respiratory illness. Case-control analyses compared participants with RT-PCR-confirmed influenza A and test negative controls. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated separately for monovalent pandemic vaccine and 2010-11 TIV; VE was calculated as 100?(1 ? odds ratio) with adjustment for potential confounders.
Results. The effectiveness of 2010-11 TIV against influenza A was 63% [95% confidence interval (CI), 37% to 78%]. Effectiveness of TIV against A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection was 77% (95% CI, 44% to 90%). Monovalent vaccine administered between October 2009 and April 2010 was not protective in the 2010-11 season. VE of monovalent vaccine was −1% (95% CI, −146% to 59%) against A(H1N1)pdm09 in 2010-11.
Conclusions. Monovalent vaccine provided no sustained protection against A(H1N1)pdm09 during the 2010-11 season. This waning effectiveness supports the need for annual revaccination, even in the absence of antigenic drift.
http://jid.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/01/20/infdis.jit020.abstract
Effectiveness of Monovalent A(H1N1)pdm09 and 2010-11 Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccines in Wisconsin During the 2010-11 Season
Allen C. Bateman1,
Burney A. Kieke1,
Stephanie A. Irving1,
Jennifer K. Meece1,
David K. Shay2 and
Edward A. Belongia1
+ Author Affiliations
1Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, WI, USA
2Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
Corresponding author: Edward A. Belongia, MD, Telephone: (715) 389-3783, Fax: (715) 389-3880, E-mail: belongia.edward@marshfieldclinic.org
Abstract
Background. Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses did not exhibit antigenic drift in the 2010-11 season, providing an opportunity to investigate duration of protection after vaccination. We estimated the independent effects of 2010-11 trivalent seasonal vaccine (TIV) and 2009 pandemic vaccine for preventing medically attended influenza A in the 2010-11 season.
Methods. Individuals were tested for influenza by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) after a clinical encounter for acute respiratory illness. Case-control analyses compared participants with RT-PCR-confirmed influenza A and test negative controls. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated separately for monovalent pandemic vaccine and 2010-11 TIV; VE was calculated as 100?(1 ? odds ratio) with adjustment for potential confounders.
Results. The effectiveness of 2010-11 TIV against influenza A was 63% [95% confidence interval (CI), 37% to 78%]. Effectiveness of TIV against A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection was 77% (95% CI, 44% to 90%). Monovalent vaccine administered between October 2009 and April 2010 was not protective in the 2010-11 season. VE of monovalent vaccine was −1% (95% CI, −146% to 59%) against A(H1N1)pdm09 in 2010-11.
Conclusions. Monovalent vaccine provided no sustained protection against A(H1N1)pdm09 during the 2010-11 season. This waning effectiveness supports the need for annual revaccination, even in the absence of antigenic drift.
http://jid.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/01/20/infdis.jit020.abstract