tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Hepatol
. 2021 Jan 25;S0168-8278(21)00033-7.
doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.01.021. Online ahead of print.
SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with autoimmune hepatitis
Thomas Marjot[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Gustav Buescher[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Marcial Sebode[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Eleanor Barnes[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Alfred S Barritt 4th[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Matthew J Armstrong[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Luke Baldelli[SUP] 6 [/SUP], James Kennedy[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Carolyn Mercer[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Ann-Kathrin Ozga[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Christian Casar[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Christoph Schramm[SUP] 8 [/SUP], contributing Members and Collaborators of ERN RARE-LIVER / COVID-Hep / SECURE-Cirrhosis
Collaborators, Affiliations
Abstract
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to have a devastating impact across the globe. However, little is known about the disease course in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).
Methods: Data for patients with AIH and SARS-CoV-2 infection were combined from three international reporting registries and outcomes were compared to those with chronic liver disease of other aetiology (non-AIH CLD) and to patients without liver disease (non-CLD).
Results: Between 25[SUP]th[/SUP] March and 24[SUP]th[/SUP] October 2020, data were collected for 932 patients with CLD and SARS-CoV-2 infection including 70 with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Fifty-eight (83%) of AIH patients were taking one or more immunosuppressive drug. There were no differences in rates of major outcomes between AIH and non-AIH CLD including hospitalization (76% vs 85%; p= 0.06), ICU admission (29% vs. 23%; p=0.240), and death (23% vs. 20%; p=0.643). Factors associated with death within the AIH cohort included age (OR 2.16/10 years; 1.07-3.81), Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) class B (OR 42.48; 4.40-409.53), and CTP-C cirrhosis (OR 69.30; 2.83-1694.50), but not use of immunosuppression. Propensity score matched (PSM) analysis comparing AIH with non-AIH CLD demonstrated no increased risk adverse outcomes including death (+3.2%; -9.2%-15.7%). PSM analysis of AIH versus non-CLD patients (n=769) demonstrated increased risk of hospitalization with AIH (+18.4%; 5.6-31.2%), but equivalent risk of all other outcomes including death (+3.2%; -9.1%-15.6%).
Conclusion: AIH patients were not at increased risk of adverse outcomes despite immunosuppressive treatment compared to other causes of CLD and to matched cases without liver disease.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; autoimmune hepatitis; immunosuppression.
. 2021 Jan 25;S0168-8278(21)00033-7.
doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.01.021. Online ahead of print.
SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with autoimmune hepatitis
Thomas Marjot[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Gustav Buescher[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Marcial Sebode[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Eleanor Barnes[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Alfred S Barritt 4th[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Matthew J Armstrong[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Luke Baldelli[SUP] 6 [/SUP], James Kennedy[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Carolyn Mercer[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Ann-Kathrin Ozga[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Christian Casar[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Christoph Schramm[SUP] 8 [/SUP], contributing Members and Collaborators of ERN RARE-LIVER / COVID-Hep / SECURE-Cirrhosis
Collaborators, Affiliations
- PMID: 33508378
- DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.01.021
Abstract
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to have a devastating impact across the globe. However, little is known about the disease course in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).
Methods: Data for patients with AIH and SARS-CoV-2 infection were combined from three international reporting registries and outcomes were compared to those with chronic liver disease of other aetiology (non-AIH CLD) and to patients without liver disease (non-CLD).
Results: Between 25[SUP]th[/SUP] March and 24[SUP]th[/SUP] October 2020, data were collected for 932 patients with CLD and SARS-CoV-2 infection including 70 with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Fifty-eight (83%) of AIH patients were taking one or more immunosuppressive drug. There were no differences in rates of major outcomes between AIH and non-AIH CLD including hospitalization (76% vs 85%; p= 0.06), ICU admission (29% vs. 23%; p=0.240), and death (23% vs. 20%; p=0.643). Factors associated with death within the AIH cohort included age (OR 2.16/10 years; 1.07-3.81), Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) class B (OR 42.48; 4.40-409.53), and CTP-C cirrhosis (OR 69.30; 2.83-1694.50), but not use of immunosuppression. Propensity score matched (PSM) analysis comparing AIH with non-AIH CLD demonstrated no increased risk adverse outcomes including death (+3.2%; -9.2%-15.7%). PSM analysis of AIH versus non-CLD patients (n=769) demonstrated increased risk of hospitalization with AIH (+18.4%; 5.6-31.2%), but equivalent risk of all other outcomes including death (+3.2%; -9.1%-15.6%).
Conclusion: AIH patients were not at increased risk of adverse outcomes despite immunosuppressive treatment compared to other causes of CLD and to matched cases without liver disease.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; autoimmune hepatitis; immunosuppression.