tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Clin Med
. 2024 Apr 20;13(8):2405.
doi: 10.3390/jcm13082405. The Role of Heparin in Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome and Other Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19
Elisabeth Gómez-Moyano[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Javier Pavón-Morón[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Jorge Rodríguez-Capitán[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Daniel Bardán-Rebollar[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Teresa Ramos-Carrera[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Aurora Villalobos-Sánchez[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Iván Pérez de Pedro[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Francisco J Ruiz-García[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Javier Mora-Robles[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Almudena López-Sampalo[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Miguel A Pérez-Velasco[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Maria-Rosa Bernal-López[SUP] 6 9 [/SUP], Ricardo Gómez-Huelgas[SUP] 6 9 [/SUP], Manuel Jiménez-Navarro[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Miguel Romero-Cuevas[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Francesco Costa[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Alicia Trenas[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Luis M Pérez-Belmonte[SUP] 3 6 12 [/SUP]
Affiliations
The therapeutic management and short-term consequences of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are well known. However, COVID-19 post-acute sequelae are less known and represent a public health problem worldwide. Patients with COVID-19 who present post-acute sequelae may display immune dysregulation, a procoagulant state, and persistent microvascular endotheliopathy that could trigger microvascular thrombosis. These elements have also been implicated in the physiopathology of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, a frequent sequela in post-COVID-19 patients. These mechanisms, directly associated with post-acute sequelae, might determine the thrombotic consequences of COVID-19 and the need for early anticoagulation therapy. In this context, heparin has several potential benefits, including immunomodulatory, anticoagulant, antiviral, pro-endothelial, and vascular effects, that could be helpful in the treatment of COVID-19 post-acute sequelae. In this article, we review the evidence surrounding the post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 and the potential benefits of the use of heparin, with a special focus on the treatment of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome.
Keywords: COVID-19; heparin; microvascular thrombosis; post-acute sequelae; postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome.
. 2024 Apr 20;13(8):2405.
doi: 10.3390/jcm13082405. The Role of Heparin in Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome and Other Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19
Elisabeth Gómez-Moyano[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Javier Pavón-Morón[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Jorge Rodríguez-Capitán[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Daniel Bardán-Rebollar[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Teresa Ramos-Carrera[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Aurora Villalobos-Sánchez[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Iván Pérez de Pedro[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Francisco J Ruiz-García[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Javier Mora-Robles[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Almudena López-Sampalo[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Miguel A Pérez-Velasco[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Maria-Rosa Bernal-López[SUP] 6 9 [/SUP], Ricardo Gómez-Huelgas[SUP] 6 9 [/SUP], Manuel Jiménez-Navarro[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Miguel Romero-Cuevas[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Francesco Costa[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Alicia Trenas[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Luis M Pérez-Belmonte[SUP] 3 6 12 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 38673677
- PMCID: PMC11050777
- DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082405
The therapeutic management and short-term consequences of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are well known. However, COVID-19 post-acute sequelae are less known and represent a public health problem worldwide. Patients with COVID-19 who present post-acute sequelae may display immune dysregulation, a procoagulant state, and persistent microvascular endotheliopathy that could trigger microvascular thrombosis. These elements have also been implicated in the physiopathology of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, a frequent sequela in post-COVID-19 patients. These mechanisms, directly associated with post-acute sequelae, might determine the thrombotic consequences of COVID-19 and the need for early anticoagulation therapy. In this context, heparin has several potential benefits, including immunomodulatory, anticoagulant, antiviral, pro-endothelial, and vascular effects, that could be helpful in the treatment of COVID-19 post-acute sequelae. In this article, we review the evidence surrounding the post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 and the potential benefits of the use of heparin, with a special focus on the treatment of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome.
Keywords: COVID-19; heparin; microvascular thrombosis; post-acute sequelae; postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome.