tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Clin Med Res
. 2024 Jan;16(1):8-14.
doi: 10.14740/jocmr5102. Epub 2024 Jan 31. Cold Agglutinin Disease and COVID-19: A Scoping Review of Treatments and Outcomes
Jackson S Musuuza[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Silpa Kumar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Dheeraj Kumar Posa[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Aakash Hans[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sankett Nayyar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Leslie Christensen[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Gilbert-Roy Kamoga[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Background: Reports suggest that patients with both acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and cold agglutinin disease (CAD) may experience poorer survival when treated with rituximab. We conducted a scoping review to evaluate severe outcomes, including intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality, in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with CAD on various treatments, including rituximab.
Methods: This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Four literature databases were searched on December 19, 2023, for studies reporting lab-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 and CAD, excluding rheumatological conditions.
Results: Of the 741 screened articles, 19 were included. Studies, predominantly case reports (17/19) or case series (2/19), were mainly from the USA (8/19) and India (3/19), with others across Europe and Asia. Among 23 patients (61% female, median age 61 years), 21/23 had a new CAD diagnosis; only two had pre-existing CAD. Overall, 74% recovered, 21% died, and outcomes for one were unreported. Nine (39%) were ICU-admitted. Of rituximab-treated patients (n = 4), 25% were ICU-admitted, none died. Non-rituximab treatments (n = 19) saw 42% ICU admissions and 26% mortality.
Conclusions: This review found no increased risk of severe outcomes in CAD and COVID-19 patients treated with rituximab.
Keywords: Autoimmune cytopenia; COVID-19; Cold agglutinin disease; Poor survival; Rituximab; SARS-CoV-2; Severe outcomes.
. 2024 Jan;16(1):8-14.
doi: 10.14740/jocmr5102. Epub 2024 Jan 31. Cold Agglutinin Disease and COVID-19: A Scoping Review of Treatments and Outcomes
Jackson S Musuuza[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Silpa Kumar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Dheeraj Kumar Posa[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Aakash Hans[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sankett Nayyar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Leslie Christensen[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Gilbert-Roy Kamoga[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 38327389
- PMCID: PMC10846489
- DOI: 10.14740/jocmr5102
Background: Reports suggest that patients with both acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and cold agglutinin disease (CAD) may experience poorer survival when treated with rituximab. We conducted a scoping review to evaluate severe outcomes, including intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality, in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with CAD on various treatments, including rituximab.
Methods: This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Four literature databases were searched on December 19, 2023, for studies reporting lab-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 and CAD, excluding rheumatological conditions.
Results: Of the 741 screened articles, 19 were included. Studies, predominantly case reports (17/19) or case series (2/19), were mainly from the USA (8/19) and India (3/19), with others across Europe and Asia. Among 23 patients (61% female, median age 61 years), 21/23 had a new CAD diagnosis; only two had pre-existing CAD. Overall, 74% recovered, 21% died, and outcomes for one were unreported. Nine (39%) were ICU-admitted. Of rituximab-treated patients (n = 4), 25% were ICU-admitted, none died. Non-rituximab treatments (n = 19) saw 42% ICU admissions and 26% mortality.
Conclusions: This review found no increased risk of severe outcomes in CAD and COVID-19 patients treated with rituximab.
Keywords: Autoimmune cytopenia; COVID-19; Cold agglutinin disease; Poor survival; Rituximab; SARS-CoV-2; Severe outcomes.