tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Clin Med
. 2022 Jul 4;11(13):3870.
doi: 10.3390/jcm11133870.
Preexisting Humoral Immunity Cross-Reacting with SARS-CoV-2 Might Prevent Death Due to COVID-19 in Critical Patients
Taro Yamashita[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Tetsuro Shimakami[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Kouki Nio[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Takeshi Terashima[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Masaki Okajima[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Takumi Taniguchi[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Takashi Wada[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Masao Honda[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Toshifumi Gabata[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Kenji Ota[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Katsunori Yanagihara[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Shuichi Kaneko[SUP] 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
The preexistence of humoral immunity, which cross-reacts with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) protein due to prior endemic low-pathogenic human coronavirus infection, has been reported, but its role in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes remains elusive. We evaluated serum samples obtained from 368 patients before the pandemic and 1423 independent serum samples from patients during the pandemic. We found that approximately 6~13% and 1.5% of patients had IgG cross-reactivity to the SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins in both cohorts. We evaluated the IgG cross-reactivity to the SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins in 48 severe or critical COVID-19 patients to evaluate if the elevation of IgG was evoked as a primary response (IgG elevation from 10 days after antigen exposure) or boosted as a secondary response (IgG elevation immediately after antigen exposure). Approximately 50% of patients showed humoral immune responses to the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2. Importantly, none of the critically ill patients with this humoral immunity died, whereas 40% of patients without this immunity did. Taken together, subjects had humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid but not spike before the pandemic, which might prevent critically ill COVID-19 patients from dying.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; humoral immune memory; mortality.
. 2022 Jul 4;11(13):3870.
doi: 10.3390/jcm11133870.
Preexisting Humoral Immunity Cross-Reacting with SARS-CoV-2 Might Prevent Death Due to COVID-19 in Critical Patients
Taro Yamashita[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Tetsuro Shimakami[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Kouki Nio[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Takeshi Terashima[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Masaki Okajima[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Takumi Taniguchi[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Takashi Wada[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Masao Honda[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Toshifumi Gabata[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Kenji Ota[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Katsunori Yanagihara[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Shuichi Kaneko[SUP] 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35807155
- DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133870
Abstract
The preexistence of humoral immunity, which cross-reacts with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) protein due to prior endemic low-pathogenic human coronavirus infection, has been reported, but its role in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes remains elusive. We evaluated serum samples obtained from 368 patients before the pandemic and 1423 independent serum samples from patients during the pandemic. We found that approximately 6~13% and 1.5% of patients had IgG cross-reactivity to the SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins in both cohorts. We evaluated the IgG cross-reactivity to the SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins in 48 severe or critical COVID-19 patients to evaluate if the elevation of IgG was evoked as a primary response (IgG elevation from 10 days after antigen exposure) or boosted as a secondary response (IgG elevation immediately after antigen exposure). Approximately 50% of patients showed humoral immune responses to the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2. Importantly, none of the critically ill patients with this humoral immunity died, whereas 40% of patients without this immunity did. Taken together, subjects had humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid but not spike before the pandemic, which might prevent critically ill COVID-19 patients from dying.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; humoral immune memory; mortality.