tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Clin Med
. 2021 Feb 25;10(5):899.
doi: 10.3390/jcm10050899.
Gender-Based Differences by Age Range in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19: A Spanish Observational Cohort Study
Claudia Josa-Laorden[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Anxela Crestelo-Vieitez[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mar?a Del Mar Garc?a Andreu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Manuel Rubio-Rivas[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Marcos S?nchez[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Neera Toledo Samaniego[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Francisco Arnalich Fern?ndez[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Rosario Iguaran Bermudez[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Eva Ma Fonseca Aizpuru[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Juan Antonio Vargas N??ez[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Paula Maria Pesqueira Fontan[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Jorge Serrano Ballesteros[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Santiago Jes?s Freire Castro[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Melani Pesta?a Fern?ndez[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Alba Viana Garc?a[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Victoria Nu?ez Rodriguez[SUP] 15 [/SUP], Vicente Giner-Galva?[SUP] 16 17 [/SUP], Francisco Javier Carrasco S?nchez[SUP] 18 [/SUP], Almudena Hern?ndez Mili?n[SUP] 19 [/SUP], Marta Cobos-Siles[SUP] 20 [/SUP], Jose Javier Napal Lecumberri[SUP] 21 [/SUP], Virginia Herrero Garc?a[SUP] 22 [/SUP], Maria de Los Reyes Pascual P?rez[SUP] 23 [/SUP], Jes?s Mill?n N??ez-Cort?s[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Jos? Manuel Casas Rojo[SUP] 24 [/SUP], On Behalf Of The Semi-Covid-Network
Affiliations
Abstract
There is some evidence that male gender could have a negative impact on the prognosis and severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The aim of the present study was to compare the characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) between hospitalized men and women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. This multicenter, retrospective, observational study is based on the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry. We analyzed the differences between men and women for a wide variety of demographic, clinical, and treatment variables, and the sex distribution of the reported COVID-19 deaths, as well as intensive care unit (ICU) admission by age subgroups. This work analyzed 12,063 patients (56.8% men). The women in our study were older than the men, on average (67.9 vs. 65.7 years; p < 001). Bilateral condensation was more frequent among men than women (31.8% vs. 29.9%; p = 0.007). The men needed non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation more frequently (5.6% vs. 3.6%, p < 0.001, and 7.9% vs. 4.8%, p < 0.001, respectively). The most prevalent complication was acute respiratory distress syndrome, with severe cases in 19.9% of men (p < 0.001). In men, intensive care unit admission was more frequent (10% vs. 6.1%; p < 0.001) and the mortality rate was higher (23.1% vs. 18.9%; p < 0.001). Regarding mortality, the differences by gender were statistically significant in the age groups from 55 years to 89 years of age. A multivariate analysis showed that female sex was significantly and independently associated with a lower risk of mortality in our study. Male sex appears to be related to worse progress in COVID-19 patients and is an independent prognostic factor for mortality. In order to fully understand its prognostic impact, other factors associated with sex must be considered.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Spain; coronavirus; gender differences.
. 2021 Feb 25;10(5):899.
doi: 10.3390/jcm10050899.
Gender-Based Differences by Age Range in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19: A Spanish Observational Cohort Study
Claudia Josa-Laorden[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Anxela Crestelo-Vieitez[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mar?a Del Mar Garc?a Andreu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Manuel Rubio-Rivas[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Marcos S?nchez[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Neera Toledo Samaniego[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Francisco Arnalich Fern?ndez[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Rosario Iguaran Bermudez[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Eva Ma Fonseca Aizpuru[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Juan Antonio Vargas N??ez[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Paula Maria Pesqueira Fontan[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Jorge Serrano Ballesteros[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Santiago Jes?s Freire Castro[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Melani Pesta?a Fern?ndez[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Alba Viana Garc?a[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Victoria Nu?ez Rodriguez[SUP] 15 [/SUP], Vicente Giner-Galva?[SUP] 16 17 [/SUP], Francisco Javier Carrasco S?nchez[SUP] 18 [/SUP], Almudena Hern?ndez Mili?n[SUP] 19 [/SUP], Marta Cobos-Siles[SUP] 20 [/SUP], Jose Javier Napal Lecumberri[SUP] 21 [/SUP], Virginia Herrero Garc?a[SUP] 22 [/SUP], Maria de Los Reyes Pascual P?rez[SUP] 23 [/SUP], Jes?s Mill?n N??ez-Cort?s[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Jos? Manuel Casas Rojo[SUP] 24 [/SUP], On Behalf Of The Semi-Covid-Network
Affiliations
- PMID: 33668766
- DOI: 10.3390/jcm10050899
Abstract
There is some evidence that male gender could have a negative impact on the prognosis and severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The aim of the present study was to compare the characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) between hospitalized men and women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. This multicenter, retrospective, observational study is based on the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry. We analyzed the differences between men and women for a wide variety of demographic, clinical, and treatment variables, and the sex distribution of the reported COVID-19 deaths, as well as intensive care unit (ICU) admission by age subgroups. This work analyzed 12,063 patients (56.8% men). The women in our study were older than the men, on average (67.9 vs. 65.7 years; p < 001). Bilateral condensation was more frequent among men than women (31.8% vs. 29.9%; p = 0.007). The men needed non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation more frequently (5.6% vs. 3.6%, p < 0.001, and 7.9% vs. 4.8%, p < 0.001, respectively). The most prevalent complication was acute respiratory distress syndrome, with severe cases in 19.9% of men (p < 0.001). In men, intensive care unit admission was more frequent (10% vs. 6.1%; p < 0.001) and the mortality rate was higher (23.1% vs. 18.9%; p < 0.001). Regarding mortality, the differences by gender were statistically significant in the age groups from 55 years to 89 years of age. A multivariate analysis showed that female sex was significantly and independently associated with a lower risk of mortality in our study. Male sex appears to be related to worse progress in COVID-19 patients and is an independent prognostic factor for mortality. In order to fully understand its prognostic impact, other factors associated with sex must be considered.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Spain; coronavirus; gender differences.