tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Clin Med
. 2021 Oct 19;10(20):4798.
doi: 10.3390/jcm10204798.
Effect of Age on Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients
Lamin B Cham[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Marie Høst Pahus[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Kristoffer Grønhøj[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Rikke Olesen[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Hien Ngo[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Ida Monrad[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Mads Kjolby[SUP] 2 3 4 [/SUP], Martin Tolstrup[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Jesper Damsgaard Gunst[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ole S Søgaard[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
An effective but balanced cellular and inflammatory immune response may limit the severity of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), whereas uncontrolled inflammation leads to disease progression. Older age is associated with higher risk of COVID-19 and a worse outcome, but the underlying immunological mechanisms for this age-related difference are not clear. We investigated the impact of age on viral replication, inflammation, and innate and adaptive cellular immune responses in 205 hospitalized COVID-19 patients. During the early symptomatic phase of COVID-19, we found that patients above 65 years had significantly higher viral load, higher levels of proinflammatory markers, and inadequate mobilization and activation of monocytes, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and CD8 T cells compared to those below 65 years. Our study points toward age-related deficiencies in the innate immune cellular response to SARS-CoV-2 as a potential cause of poorly controlled viral replication and inflammation during the early symptom phase and subsequent disease progression.
Keywords: COVID-19; DCs; NK cells; SARS-CoV-2; T cells; age; clinical recovery; monocytes.
. 2021 Oct 19;10(20):4798.
doi: 10.3390/jcm10204798.
Effect of Age on Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients
Lamin B Cham[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Marie Høst Pahus[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Kristoffer Grønhøj[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Rikke Olesen[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Hien Ngo[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Ida Monrad[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Mads Kjolby[SUP] 2 3 4 [/SUP], Martin Tolstrup[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Jesper Damsgaard Gunst[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ole S Søgaard[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34682920
- PMCID: PMC8538457
- DOI: 10.3390/jcm10204798
Abstract
An effective but balanced cellular and inflammatory immune response may limit the severity of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), whereas uncontrolled inflammation leads to disease progression. Older age is associated with higher risk of COVID-19 and a worse outcome, but the underlying immunological mechanisms for this age-related difference are not clear. We investigated the impact of age on viral replication, inflammation, and innate and adaptive cellular immune responses in 205 hospitalized COVID-19 patients. During the early symptomatic phase of COVID-19, we found that patients above 65 years had significantly higher viral load, higher levels of proinflammatory markers, and inadequate mobilization and activation of monocytes, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and CD8 T cells compared to those below 65 years. Our study points toward age-related deficiencies in the innate immune cellular response to SARS-CoV-2 as a potential cause of poorly controlled viral replication and inflammation during the early symptom phase and subsequent disease progression.
Keywords: COVID-19; DCs; NK cells; SARS-CoV-2; T cells; age; clinical recovery; monocytes.