tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Clin Immunol
. 2021 Jun 23.
doi: 10.1007/s10875-021-01066-8. Online ahead of print.
Outcome of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in 121 Patients with Inborn Errors of Immunity: A Cross-Sectional Study
Ekaterini Simões Goudouris[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fernanda Pinto-Mariz[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Leonardo Oliveira Mendonça[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Carolina Sanchez Aranda[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Rafaela Rolla Guimarães[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Cristina Kokron[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Myrthes Toledo Barros[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Flávia Anísio[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Maria Luiza Oliva Alonso[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Fernanda Marcelino[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Solange Oliveira Rodrigues Valle[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Sergio Dortas Junior[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Irma Douglas Paes Barreto[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Janáira Fernandes Severo Ferreira[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Pérsio Roxo-Junior[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Almerinda Maria do Rego Silva[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Fernanda Lugão Campinhos[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Carmem Bonfim[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Gisele Loth[SUP] 15 [/SUP], Juliana Folloni Fernandes[SUP] 16 [/SUP], Julia Lopes Garcia[SUP] 16 [/SUP], Albertina Capelo[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Olga Akiko Takano[SUP] 18 [/SUP], Maria Isabel Valdomir Nadaf[SUP] 18 [/SUP], Eliana C Toledo[SUP] 19 [/SUP], Luciana Araújo Oliveira Cunha[SUP] 20 [/SUP], Regina Sumiko Watanabe Di Gesu[SUP] 21 [/SUP], Laire Schidlowski[SUP] 22 [/SUP], Priscila Fillipo[SUP] 23 [/SUP], Daniélli C Bichuetti-Silva[SUP] 24 [/SUP], Gustavo Soldateli[SUP] 25 [/SUP], Natasha Rebouças Ferraroni[SUP] 26 [/SUP], Ellen de Oliveira Dantas[SUP] 27 [/SUP], Simone Pestana[SUP] 28 [/SUP], Eli Mansour[SUP] 29 [/SUP], Raisa Gusso Ulaf[SUP] 29 [/SUP], Carolina Prando[SUP] 30 31 [/SUP], Antonio Condino-Neto[SUP] 32 [/SUP], Anete Sevciovic Grumach[SUP] 33 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Purpose: There is still scarce data on SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI) and many unresolved questions. We aimed to describe the clinical outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Brazilian IEI patients and identify factors influencing the infection.
Methods: We did a cross-sectional, multicenter study that included patients of any age affected by IEI and SARS-CoV-2 infection. The variables studied were sex, age, type of IEI, comorbidities (number and type), treatment in use for IEI, clinical manifestations and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Results: 121 patients were included: 55.4% female, ages from six months to 74 yo (median age = 25.1 yo). Most patients had predominantly antibody deficiency (n = 53). The infection was mostly asymptomatic (n = 21) and mild (n = 66), and one child had multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C). We could not observe sex-related susceptibility, and there was a weak correlation between age and severity of infection. The number of comorbidities was higher in severe cases, particularly bronchiectasis and cardiopathy. There were no severe cases in hereditary angioedema patients. Six patients aged 2 to 74 years died, three of them with antibody deficiency.
Conclusion: The outcome was mild in most patients, but the Case Fatality Ratio was higher than in the general population. However, the type of IEI was not a determining factor for severity, except for complement deficiencies linked to milder COVID-19. The severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection seems to be more related to older age, a higher number of comorbidities and type of comorbidities (bronchiectasis and cardiopathy).
Keywords: COVID-19; Coronavirus; Immunodeficiency; Inborn errors of immunity; Primary immunodeficiency; SARS-CoV-2.
. 2021 Jun 23.
doi: 10.1007/s10875-021-01066-8. Online ahead of print.
Outcome of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in 121 Patients with Inborn Errors of Immunity: A Cross-Sectional Study
Ekaterini Simões Goudouris[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fernanda Pinto-Mariz[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Leonardo Oliveira Mendonça[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Carolina Sanchez Aranda[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Rafaela Rolla Guimarães[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Cristina Kokron[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Myrthes Toledo Barros[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Flávia Anísio[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Maria Luiza Oliva Alonso[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Fernanda Marcelino[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Solange Oliveira Rodrigues Valle[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Sergio Dortas Junior[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Irma Douglas Paes Barreto[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Janáira Fernandes Severo Ferreira[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Pérsio Roxo-Junior[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Almerinda Maria do Rego Silva[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Fernanda Lugão Campinhos[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Carmem Bonfim[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Gisele Loth[SUP] 15 [/SUP], Juliana Folloni Fernandes[SUP] 16 [/SUP], Julia Lopes Garcia[SUP] 16 [/SUP], Albertina Capelo[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Olga Akiko Takano[SUP] 18 [/SUP], Maria Isabel Valdomir Nadaf[SUP] 18 [/SUP], Eliana C Toledo[SUP] 19 [/SUP], Luciana Araújo Oliveira Cunha[SUP] 20 [/SUP], Regina Sumiko Watanabe Di Gesu[SUP] 21 [/SUP], Laire Schidlowski[SUP] 22 [/SUP], Priscila Fillipo[SUP] 23 [/SUP], Daniélli C Bichuetti-Silva[SUP] 24 [/SUP], Gustavo Soldateli[SUP] 25 [/SUP], Natasha Rebouças Ferraroni[SUP] 26 [/SUP], Ellen de Oliveira Dantas[SUP] 27 [/SUP], Simone Pestana[SUP] 28 [/SUP], Eli Mansour[SUP] 29 [/SUP], Raisa Gusso Ulaf[SUP] 29 [/SUP], Carolina Prando[SUP] 30 31 [/SUP], Antonio Condino-Neto[SUP] 32 [/SUP], Anete Sevciovic Grumach[SUP] 33 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34164762
- DOI: 10.1007/s10875-021-01066-8
Abstract
Purpose: There is still scarce data on SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI) and many unresolved questions. We aimed to describe the clinical outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Brazilian IEI patients and identify factors influencing the infection.
Methods: We did a cross-sectional, multicenter study that included patients of any age affected by IEI and SARS-CoV-2 infection. The variables studied were sex, age, type of IEI, comorbidities (number and type), treatment in use for IEI, clinical manifestations and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Results: 121 patients were included: 55.4% female, ages from six months to 74 yo (median age = 25.1 yo). Most patients had predominantly antibody deficiency (n = 53). The infection was mostly asymptomatic (n = 21) and mild (n = 66), and one child had multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C). We could not observe sex-related susceptibility, and there was a weak correlation between age and severity of infection. The number of comorbidities was higher in severe cases, particularly bronchiectasis and cardiopathy. There were no severe cases in hereditary angioedema patients. Six patients aged 2 to 74 years died, three of them with antibody deficiency.
Conclusion: The outcome was mild in most patients, but the Case Fatality Ratio was higher than in the general population. However, the type of IEI was not a determining factor for severity, except for complement deficiencies linked to milder COVID-19. The severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection seems to be more related to older age, a higher number of comorbidities and type of comorbidities (bronchiectasis and cardiopathy).
Keywords: COVID-19; Coronavirus; Immunodeficiency; Inborn errors of immunity; Primary immunodeficiency; SARS-CoV-2.