tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Cardiovasc Dev Dis
. 2022 Aug 15;9(8):268.
doi: 10.3390/jcdd9080268.
Vascular Implications of COVID-19: Role of Radiological Imaging, Artificial Intelligence, and Tissue Characterization: A Special Report
Narendra N Khanna[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mahesh Maindarkar[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Anudeep Puvvula[SUP] 2 4 [/SUP], Sudip Paul[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Mrinalini Bhagawati[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Puneet Ahluwalia[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Zoltan Ruzsa[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Aditya Sharma[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Smiksha Munjral[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Raghu Kolluri[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Padukone R Krishnan[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Inder M Singh[SUP] 2 [/SUP], John R Laird[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Mostafa Fatemi[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Azra Alizad[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Surinder K Dhanjil[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Luca Saba[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Antonella Balestrieri[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Gavino Faa[SUP] 15 [/SUP], Kosmas I Paraskevas[SUP] 16 [/SUP], Durga Prasanna Misra[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Vikas Agarwal[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Aman Sharma[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Jagjit Teji[SUP] 18 [/SUP], Mustafa Al-Maini[SUP] 19 [/SUP], Andrew Nicolaides[SUP] 20 [/SUP], Vijay Rathore[SUP] 21 [/SUP], Subbaram Naidu[SUP] 22 [/SUP], Kiera Liblik[SUP] 23 [/SUP], Amer M Johri[SUP] 23 [/SUP], Monika Turk[SUP] 24 [/SUP], David W Sobel[SUP] 25 [/SUP], Gyan Pareek[SUP] 26 [/SUP], Martin Miner[SUP] 27 [/SUP], Klaudija Viskovic[SUP] 28 [/SUP], George Tsoulfas[SUP] 29 [/SUP], Athanasios D Protogerou[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Sophie Mavrogeni[SUP] 30 [/SUP], George D Kitas[SUP] 31 32 [/SUP], Mostafa M Fouda[SUP] 33 [/SUP], Manudeep K Kalra[SUP] 34 [/SUP], Jasjit S Suri[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus has caused a pandemic, infecting nearly 80 million people worldwide, with mortality exceeding six million. The average survival span is just 14 days from the time the symptoms become aggressive. The present study delineates the deep-driven vascular damage in the pulmonary, renal, coronary, and carotid vessels due to SARS-CoV-2. This special report addresses an important gap in the literature in understanding (i) the pathophysiology of vascular damage and the role of medical imaging in the visualization of the damage caused by SARS-CoV-2, and (ii) further understanding the severity of COVID-19 using artificial intelligence (AI)-based tissue characterization (TC). PRISMA was used to select 296 studies for AI-based TC. Radiological imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and ultrasound were selected for imaging of the vasculature infected by COVID-19. Four kinds of hypotheses are presented for showing the vascular damage in radiological images due to COVID-19. Three kinds of AI models, namely, machine learning, deep learning, and transfer learning, are used for TC. Further, the study presents recommendations for improving AI-based architectures for vascular studies. We conclude that the process of vascular damage due to COVID-19 has similarities across vessel types, even though it results in multi-organ dysfunction. Although the mortality rate is ~2% of those infected, the long-term effect of COVID-19 needs monitoring to avoid deaths. AI seems to be penetrating the health care industry at warp speed, and we expect to see an emerging role in patient care, reduce the mortality and morbidity rate.
Keywords: COVID-19; artificial intelligence; carotid; coronary; coronavirus; pulmonary; renal; vascular damage.
. 2022 Aug 15;9(8):268.
doi: 10.3390/jcdd9080268.
Vascular Implications of COVID-19: Role of Radiological Imaging, Artificial Intelligence, and Tissue Characterization: A Special Report
Narendra N Khanna[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mahesh Maindarkar[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Anudeep Puvvula[SUP] 2 4 [/SUP], Sudip Paul[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Mrinalini Bhagawati[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Puneet Ahluwalia[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Zoltan Ruzsa[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Aditya Sharma[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Smiksha Munjral[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Raghu Kolluri[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Padukone R Krishnan[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Inder M Singh[SUP] 2 [/SUP], John R Laird[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Mostafa Fatemi[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Azra Alizad[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Surinder K Dhanjil[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Luca Saba[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Antonella Balestrieri[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Gavino Faa[SUP] 15 [/SUP], Kosmas I Paraskevas[SUP] 16 [/SUP], Durga Prasanna Misra[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Vikas Agarwal[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Aman Sharma[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Jagjit Teji[SUP] 18 [/SUP], Mustafa Al-Maini[SUP] 19 [/SUP], Andrew Nicolaides[SUP] 20 [/SUP], Vijay Rathore[SUP] 21 [/SUP], Subbaram Naidu[SUP] 22 [/SUP], Kiera Liblik[SUP] 23 [/SUP], Amer M Johri[SUP] 23 [/SUP], Monika Turk[SUP] 24 [/SUP], David W Sobel[SUP] 25 [/SUP], Gyan Pareek[SUP] 26 [/SUP], Martin Miner[SUP] 27 [/SUP], Klaudija Viskovic[SUP] 28 [/SUP], George Tsoulfas[SUP] 29 [/SUP], Athanasios D Protogerou[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Sophie Mavrogeni[SUP] 30 [/SUP], George D Kitas[SUP] 31 32 [/SUP], Mostafa M Fouda[SUP] 33 [/SUP], Manudeep K Kalra[SUP] 34 [/SUP], Jasjit S Suri[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 36005433
- DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9080268
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus has caused a pandemic, infecting nearly 80 million people worldwide, with mortality exceeding six million. The average survival span is just 14 days from the time the symptoms become aggressive. The present study delineates the deep-driven vascular damage in the pulmonary, renal, coronary, and carotid vessels due to SARS-CoV-2. This special report addresses an important gap in the literature in understanding (i) the pathophysiology of vascular damage and the role of medical imaging in the visualization of the damage caused by SARS-CoV-2, and (ii) further understanding the severity of COVID-19 using artificial intelligence (AI)-based tissue characterization (TC). PRISMA was used to select 296 studies for AI-based TC. Radiological imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and ultrasound were selected for imaging of the vasculature infected by COVID-19. Four kinds of hypotheses are presented for showing the vascular damage in radiological images due to COVID-19. Three kinds of AI models, namely, machine learning, deep learning, and transfer learning, are used for TC. Further, the study presents recommendations for improving AI-based architectures for vascular studies. We conclude that the process of vascular damage due to COVID-19 has similarities across vessel types, even though it results in multi-organ dysfunction. Although the mortality rate is ~2% of those infected, the long-term effect of COVID-19 needs monitoring to avoid deaths. AI seems to be penetrating the health care industry at warp speed, and we expect to see an emerging role in patient care, reduce the mortality and morbidity rate.
Keywords: COVID-19; artificial intelligence; carotid; coronary; coronavirus; pulmonary; renal; vascular damage.