tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Avian Dis. 2019 Dec;63(4):721-726. doi: 10.1637/aviandiseases-D-19-00070. [h=1]Isolation and Characterization of Avian Influenza H9N2 Viruses from Different Avian Species in Pakistan 2016-17.[/h]
Alyas K[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2,[/SUP][SUP]3[/SUP], Wajid A[SUP]4,[/SUP][SUP]2,[/SUP][SUP]3[/SUP], Dundon WG[SUP]5,[/SUP][SUP]3[/SUP], Ather S[SUP]6,[/SUP][SUP]3[/SUP], Batool T[SUP]6,[/SUP][SUP]3[/SUP], Babar ME[SUP]6,[/SUP][SUP]3[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h] 1 Department of Biotechnology, Virtual University of Pakistan, 1-Davis Road, Lahore, Pakistan 54000. 2 The first two authors contributed equally to this work. 3 A. W. and K. A. conceived and designed the experiments. K. A., S. A., and T. B. performed the experiments. A. W., W. G. D., and M. E. B. analyzed the data. A. W. and W. G. D. wrote the paper that was approved by all authors. 4 Department of Biotechnology, Virtual University of Pakistan, 1-Davis Road, Lahore, Pakistan 54000, abdul.wajid@vu.edu.pk; kakar153@gmail.com. 5 Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna International Centre, Vienna, Austria 2444. 6 Department of Molecular Biology, Virtual University of Pakistan, 1-Davis Road Lahore, Pakistan 54000.
[h=3]Abstract[/h] in English, Spanish
Avian influenza (AI) virus (AIV) subtype H9N2 continues to cause significant outbreaks among commercial and backyard poultry in Pakistan. Despite this, the characterization of H9N2 viruses in avian hosts other than chickens in Pakistan has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, 12 low pathogenicity avian influenza viruses subtype H9N2 were isolated from peacocks (n = 4), ducks (n = 4), pheasants (n = 2), geese (n = 1), and black swans (n = 1) in Pakistan during 2016 and were characterized on the basis of the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase genes. All of the viruses possessed an amino acid substitution Q226L in the receptor-binding site of the HA protein, which is known to contribute to increased viral replication and virulence in mammals. In addition, phylogenetic studies showed that these H9N2 AIVs belonged to the Middle East B genetic group of sublineage G1 and were very similar to viruses isolated from an outbreak in chickens in Pakistan in 2017. This demonstrates an epidemiologic link between poultry and other avian species, which is a fact to consider in future H9N2 disease management programs.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] H9N2; Pakistan; avian influenza; avian species; phylogenetic analysis
PMID: 31865688 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-D-19-00070
Alyas K[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2,[/SUP][SUP]3[/SUP], Wajid A[SUP]4,[/SUP][SUP]2,[/SUP][SUP]3[/SUP], Dundon WG[SUP]5,[/SUP][SUP]3[/SUP], Ather S[SUP]6,[/SUP][SUP]3[/SUP], Batool T[SUP]6,[/SUP][SUP]3[/SUP], Babar ME[SUP]6,[/SUP][SUP]3[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h] 1 Department of Biotechnology, Virtual University of Pakistan, 1-Davis Road, Lahore, Pakistan 54000. 2 The first two authors contributed equally to this work. 3 A. W. and K. A. conceived and designed the experiments. K. A., S. A., and T. B. performed the experiments. A. W., W. G. D., and M. E. B. analyzed the data. A. W. and W. G. D. wrote the paper that was approved by all authors. 4 Department of Biotechnology, Virtual University of Pakistan, 1-Davis Road, Lahore, Pakistan 54000, abdul.wajid@vu.edu.pk; kakar153@gmail.com. 5 Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna International Centre, Vienna, Austria 2444. 6 Department of Molecular Biology, Virtual University of Pakistan, 1-Davis Road Lahore, Pakistan 54000.
[h=3]Abstract[/h] in English, Spanish
Avian influenza (AI) virus (AIV) subtype H9N2 continues to cause significant outbreaks among commercial and backyard poultry in Pakistan. Despite this, the characterization of H9N2 viruses in avian hosts other than chickens in Pakistan has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, 12 low pathogenicity avian influenza viruses subtype H9N2 were isolated from peacocks (n = 4), ducks (n = 4), pheasants (n = 2), geese (n = 1), and black swans (n = 1) in Pakistan during 2016 and were characterized on the basis of the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase genes. All of the viruses possessed an amino acid substitution Q226L in the receptor-binding site of the HA protein, which is known to contribute to increased viral replication and virulence in mammals. In addition, phylogenetic studies showed that these H9N2 AIVs belonged to the Middle East B genetic group of sublineage G1 and were very similar to viruses isolated from an outbreak in chickens in Pakistan in 2017. This demonstrates an epidemiologic link between poultry and other avian species, which is a fact to consider in future H9N2 disease management programs.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] H9N2; Pakistan; avian influenza; avian species; phylogenetic analysis
PMID: 31865688 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-D-19-00070