tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Int J Infect Dis
. 2022 Feb 5;S1201-9712(22)00079-0.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.02.004. Online ahead of print.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in coronavirus disease 2019
Nanyang Liu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Di Yang[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Tingting Zhang[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jiahui Sun[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Jianhua Fu[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Hao Li[SUP] 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: Chemosensory disorders associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been widely mentioned during the pandemic. We performed a meta-analysis to assess the risk factors for olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in patients with COVID-19.
Methods: Three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library) were searched for studies published between December 1st, 2019 to August 31st, 2021. Select random effects model or fixed effects model to pool data based on heterogeneity. The results were reported as odds ratios or standardized mean differences and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Heterogeneity was reported as I[SUP]2[/SUP].
Results: Twenty-six studies with a total of 13813 patients were included. The pooled data indicated that sex (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 0.93-2.31), age (SMD, -5.80; 95% CI, -13.35-1.75), smoking (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 0.72-5.79), and comorbidity (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.58-2.53) of COVID-19 patients had no effect on gustatory dysfunction. Olfactory dysfunction was more likely to occur in elderly patients with COVID-19 (SMD, -5.22; 95% CI, -8.28- -2.16). And COVID-19 patients with nasal congestion (OR, 3.41;95%CI, 2.30-5.06) and rhinorrhea (OR, 2.35; 95%CI, 1.60-3.45) are more prone to olfactory dysfunction.
Conclusion: These findings emphasize that elderly COVID-19 patients are more likely to suffer from olfactory dysfunction. Symptoms of nasal congestion and rhinorrhea may affect the recognition of olfactory dysfunction.
Keywords: ARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; chemosensory disorders; gustatory dysfunction; olfactory dysfunction; systematic review and meta-analysis.
. 2022 Feb 5;S1201-9712(22)00079-0.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.02.004. Online ahead of print.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in coronavirus disease 2019
Nanyang Liu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Di Yang[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Tingting Zhang[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jiahui Sun[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Jianhua Fu[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Hao Li[SUP] 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35134561
- PMCID: PMC8817419
- DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.02.004
Abstract
Background: Chemosensory disorders associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been widely mentioned during the pandemic. We performed a meta-analysis to assess the risk factors for olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in patients with COVID-19.
Methods: Three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library) were searched for studies published between December 1st, 2019 to August 31st, 2021. Select random effects model or fixed effects model to pool data based on heterogeneity. The results were reported as odds ratios or standardized mean differences and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Heterogeneity was reported as I[SUP]2[/SUP].
Results: Twenty-six studies with a total of 13813 patients were included. The pooled data indicated that sex (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 0.93-2.31), age (SMD, -5.80; 95% CI, -13.35-1.75), smoking (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 0.72-5.79), and comorbidity (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.58-2.53) of COVID-19 patients had no effect on gustatory dysfunction. Olfactory dysfunction was more likely to occur in elderly patients with COVID-19 (SMD, -5.22; 95% CI, -8.28- -2.16). And COVID-19 patients with nasal congestion (OR, 3.41;95%CI, 2.30-5.06) and rhinorrhea (OR, 2.35; 95%CI, 1.60-3.45) are more prone to olfactory dysfunction.
Conclusion: These findings emphasize that elderly COVID-19 patients are more likely to suffer from olfactory dysfunction. Symptoms of nasal congestion and rhinorrhea may affect the recognition of olfactory dysfunction.
Keywords: ARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; chemosensory disorders; gustatory dysfunction; olfactory dysfunction; systematic review and meta-analysis.