tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Int J Infect Dis
. 2023 Jan 3;S1201-9712(22)00680-4.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.12.043. Online ahead of print.
Comparative Effectiveness of Oseltamivir versus Peramivir for Hospitalized Children (ages 0-5 years) with Influenza Infection
Ming Xu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ting Cai[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Tingting Yue[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Pan Zhang[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jie Huang[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Qi Liu[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Yue Wang[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ruping Luo[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Zhengqiu Li[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Linli Luo[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Chunyi Ji[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Xinrui Tan[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Yanling Zheng[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Richard Whitley[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Erik De Clercq[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Qiang Yin[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Guangdi Li[SUP] 9 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Objectives: Effectiveness of oseltamivir versus peramivir in influenza-infected children remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate their effectiveness in young children (ages 0-5 years) infected with severe influenza A virus (IAV) or influenza B virus (IBV).
Methods: We analyzed a cohort of 1662 young children with either IAV (N=1095) or IBV (N=567) who received oseltamivir or peramivir treatment from January 1, 2018 to March 31, 2022. Propensity score matching methods were applied to match oseltamivir-treated versus peramivir-treated children.
Results: IAV-infected and IBV-infected children shared similar features such as influenza-associated symptoms and comorbidities at baseline. Among IAV-infected children with bacterial coinfection, the recovery rate was significantly greater in oseltamivir-treated children than in peramivir-treated children (15.6% versus 4.4%, p=0.01). The median duration of hospitalization was also shorter in oseltamivir-treated children. Among IAV-infected children without bacterial coinfection, the recovery rate was greater in oseltamivir-treated children than in peramivir-treated children (21.1% versus 3.7%, p=0.002). However, oseltamivir and peramivir offered similar recovery rates and duration of hospitalization (p>0.05 for both) among IBV-infected children.
Conclusions: Oseltamivir and peramivir exhibit similar effectiveness in young children with severe influenza B, whereas oseltamivir demonstrated improved recovery and shorter hospitalization in the treatment of severe influenza A in hospitalized children.
Keywords: Oseltamivir; duration of hospitalization; influenza A; influenza B; peramivir; propensity score matching.
. 2023 Jan 3;S1201-9712(22)00680-4.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.12.043. Online ahead of print.
Comparative Effectiveness of Oseltamivir versus Peramivir for Hospitalized Children (ages 0-5 years) with Influenza Infection
Ming Xu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ting Cai[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Tingting Yue[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Pan Zhang[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jie Huang[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Qi Liu[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Yue Wang[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ruping Luo[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Zhengqiu Li[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Linli Luo[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Chunyi Ji[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Xinrui Tan[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Yanling Zheng[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Richard Whitley[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Erik De Clercq[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Qiang Yin[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Guangdi Li[SUP] 9 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 36608788
- DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.12.043
Abstract
Objectives: Effectiveness of oseltamivir versus peramivir in influenza-infected children remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate their effectiveness in young children (ages 0-5 years) infected with severe influenza A virus (IAV) or influenza B virus (IBV).
Methods: We analyzed a cohort of 1662 young children with either IAV (N=1095) or IBV (N=567) who received oseltamivir or peramivir treatment from January 1, 2018 to March 31, 2022. Propensity score matching methods were applied to match oseltamivir-treated versus peramivir-treated children.
Results: IAV-infected and IBV-infected children shared similar features such as influenza-associated symptoms and comorbidities at baseline. Among IAV-infected children with bacterial coinfection, the recovery rate was significantly greater in oseltamivir-treated children than in peramivir-treated children (15.6% versus 4.4%, p=0.01). The median duration of hospitalization was also shorter in oseltamivir-treated children. Among IAV-infected children without bacterial coinfection, the recovery rate was greater in oseltamivir-treated children than in peramivir-treated children (21.1% versus 3.7%, p=0.002). However, oseltamivir and peramivir offered similar recovery rates and duration of hospitalization (p>0.05 for both) among IBV-infected children.
Conclusions: Oseltamivir and peramivir exhibit similar effectiveness in young children with severe influenza B, whereas oseltamivir demonstrated improved recovery and shorter hospitalization in the treatment of severe influenza A in hospitalized children.
Keywords: Oseltamivir; duration of hospitalization; influenza A; influenza B; peramivir; propensity score matching.