tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Int J Biol Macromol
. 2022 Mar 14;S0141-8130(22)00528-1.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.058. Online ahead of print.
The spike glycoproteins of SARS-CoV-2: A review of how mutations of spike glycoproteins have driven the emergence of variants with high transmissibility and immune escape
Pedro F N Souza[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Felipe P Mesquita[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jackson L Amaral[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Patrícia G C Landim[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Karollyny R P Lima[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Marília B Costa[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Izabelle R Farias[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mônica O Belém[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Yago O Pinto[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Heline H T Moreira[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Ilana C L Magalhaes[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Débora S C M Castelo-Branco[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Raquel C Montenegro[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Claudia R de Andrade[SUP] 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Late in 2019, SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2) emerged, causing an unknown type of pneumonia today called coronaviruses disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 is still an ongoing global outbreak that has claimed and threatened many lives worldwide. Along with the fastest vaccine developed in history to fight SARS-CoV-2 came a critical problem, SARS-CoV-2. These new variants are a result of the accumulation of mutations in the sequence and structure of spike (S) glycoprotein, which is by far the most critical protein for SARS-CoV-2 to recognize cells and escape the immune system, in addition to playing a role in SARS-CoV-2 infection, pathogenicity, transmission, and evolution. In this review, we discuss mutation of S protein and how these mutations have led to new variants that are usually more transmissible and can thus mitigate the immunity produced by vaccination. Here, analysis of S protein sequences and structures from variants point out the mutations among them, how they emerge, and the behavior of S protein from each variant. This review brings details in an understandable way about how the variants of SARS-CoV-2 are a result of mutations in S protein, making them more transmissible and even more aggressive than their relatives.
Keywords: Coronaviruses; Mutations; RBD; SARS-CoV-2; Spike proteins.
. 2022 Mar 14;S0141-8130(22)00528-1.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.058. Online ahead of print.
The spike glycoproteins of SARS-CoV-2: A review of how mutations of spike glycoproteins have driven the emergence of variants with high transmissibility and immune escape
Pedro F N Souza[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Felipe P Mesquita[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jackson L Amaral[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Patrícia G C Landim[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Karollyny R P Lima[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Marília B Costa[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Izabelle R Farias[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mônica O Belém[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Yago O Pinto[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Heline H T Moreira[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Ilana C L Magalhaes[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Débora S C M Castelo-Branco[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Raquel C Montenegro[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Claudia R de Andrade[SUP] 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35300999
- DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.058
Abstract
Late in 2019, SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2) emerged, causing an unknown type of pneumonia today called coronaviruses disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 is still an ongoing global outbreak that has claimed and threatened many lives worldwide. Along with the fastest vaccine developed in history to fight SARS-CoV-2 came a critical problem, SARS-CoV-2. These new variants are a result of the accumulation of mutations in the sequence and structure of spike (S) glycoprotein, which is by far the most critical protein for SARS-CoV-2 to recognize cells and escape the immune system, in addition to playing a role in SARS-CoV-2 infection, pathogenicity, transmission, and evolution. In this review, we discuss mutation of S protein and how these mutations have led to new variants that are usually more transmissible and can thus mitigate the immunity produced by vaccination. Here, analysis of S protein sequences and structures from variants point out the mutations among them, how they emerge, and the behavior of S protein from each variant. This review brings details in an understandable way about how the variants of SARS-CoV-2 are a result of mutations in S protein, making them more transmissible and even more aggressive than their relatives.
Keywords: Coronaviruses; Mutations; RBD; SARS-CoV-2; Spike proteins.