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Influenza viruses and cross-reactivity in healthy adults: Humoral and cellular immunity induced by seasonal 2007/2008 influenza vaccination against vaccine antigens and 2009 A(H1N1) pandemic influenza virus
Anna M. Iorioa, Corresponding author contact information, E-mail the corresponding author,
Onelia Bistonib,
Massimiliano Galdieroc,
Enrica Lepria,
Barbara Camillonia,
Anna M. Russanob,
Mariella Neria,
Michela Basileoa,
Fabrizio Spinozzib
a Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Public Health, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy
b Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
c Department of Biological Sciences, Division of Biostructures, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
Received 25 October 2011. Revised 16 December 2011. Accepted 22 December 2011. Available online 12 January 2012.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.107, How to Cite or Link Using DOI
We analyzed humoral and cellular immune responses against vaccine antigens and the new A(H1N1) virus in healthy adults before and after immunization with the 2007/2008 commercially available trivalent subunit MF59-adjuvanted influenza vaccine during the Fall 2007, prior to the emergence of the new virus. Antibody titers were significantly boosted only against the three vaccine antigens. Seasonal vaccination boosted pre-existing cellular responses upon stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells not only with the homologous three vaccine antigens, but also with the heterologous new 2009 A(H1N1) and with a highly conserved peptide present in the stalk region of hemagglutinin (HA). These results show that cross-reactive cell responses against the new virus were present before the circulation of the virus and were boosted by seasonal vaccination. The cross-reactivity of cellular responses might, at least in part, explain the low pathogenicity of the new pandemic virus. The finding of cellular immunity, that can be increased by seasonal vaccination, against the conserved HA peptide, underline the potential use, in human vaccines, of conserved peptides of the stalk region of HA characterized by broad immunogenicity in experimental systems.
Highlights
► Humoral and cellular immune responses after seasonal 2007/2008 influenza vaccination. ► Significant homologous humoral and cellular immunity induced against vaccine antigens. ► Cross-reactive cellular responses, but not humoral against new pandemic virus.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X11020688
Anna M. Iorioa, Corresponding author contact information, E-mail the corresponding author,
Onelia Bistonib,
Massimiliano Galdieroc,
Enrica Lepria,
Barbara Camillonia,
Anna M. Russanob,
Mariella Neria,
Michela Basileoa,
Fabrizio Spinozzib
a Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Public Health, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy
b Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
c Department of Biological Sciences, Division of Biostructures, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
Received 25 October 2011. Revised 16 December 2011. Accepted 22 December 2011. Available online 12 January 2012.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.107, How to Cite or Link Using DOI
We analyzed humoral and cellular immune responses against vaccine antigens and the new A(H1N1) virus in healthy adults before and after immunization with the 2007/2008 commercially available trivalent subunit MF59-adjuvanted influenza vaccine during the Fall 2007, prior to the emergence of the new virus. Antibody titers were significantly boosted only against the three vaccine antigens. Seasonal vaccination boosted pre-existing cellular responses upon stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells not only with the homologous three vaccine antigens, but also with the heterologous new 2009 A(H1N1) and with a highly conserved peptide present in the stalk region of hemagglutinin (HA). These results show that cross-reactive cell responses against the new virus were present before the circulation of the virus and were boosted by seasonal vaccination. The cross-reactivity of cellular responses might, at least in part, explain the low pathogenicity of the new pandemic virus. The finding of cellular immunity, that can be increased by seasonal vaccination, against the conserved HA peptide, underline the potential use, in human vaccines, of conserved peptides of the stalk region of HA characterized by broad immunogenicity in experimental systems.
Highlights
► Humoral and cellular immune responses after seasonal 2007/2008 influenza vaccination. ► Significant homologous humoral and cellular immunity induced against vaccine antigens. ► Cross-reactive cellular responses, but not humoral against new pandemic virus.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X11020688