tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Influenza Other Respir Viruses
. 2022 Feb 11.
doi: 10.1111/irv.12949. Online ahead of print.
The national burden of influenza-like illness and severe respiratory illness overall and associated with nine respiratory viruses in South Africa, 2013-2015
Stefano Tempia[SUP] 1 2 3 4 5 [/SUP], Jocelyn Moyes[SUP] 3 5 [/SUP], Adam L Cohen[SUP] 1 6 [/SUP], Sibongile Walaza[SUP] 3 5 [/SUP], Meredith L McMorrow[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Florette K Treurnicht[SUP] 3 7 [/SUP], Orienka Hellferscee[SUP] 3 8 [/SUP], Nicole Wolter[SUP] 3 8 [/SUP], Anne von Gottberg[SUP] 3 8 [/SUP], Halima Dawood[SUP] 9 10 [/SUP], Ebrahim Variava[SUP] 11 12 13 [/SUP], Cheryl Cohen[SUP] 3 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: Estimates of the disease burden associated with different respiratory viruses are severely limited in low- and middle-income countries, especially in Africa.
Methods: We estimated age-specific numbers and rates of medically and non-medically attended influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe respiratory illness (SRI) that were associated with influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus, adenovirus, enterovirus and parainfluenza virus types 1-3 after adjusting for the attributable fraction (AF) of virus detection to illness in South Africa during 2013-2015. The base rates were estimated from five surveillance sites and extrapolated nationally.
Results: The mean annual rates per 100,000 population were 51,383 and 4196 for ILI and SRI, respectively. Of these, 26% (for ILI) and 46% (for SRI) were medically attended. Among outpatients with ILI, rhinovirus had the highest AF-adjusted rate (7221), followed by influenza (6443) and adenovirus (1364); whereas, among inpatients with SRI, rhinovirus had the highest AF-adjusted rate (400), followed by RSV (247) and influenza (130). Rhinovirus (9424) and RSV (2026) had the highest AF-adjusted rates among children aged <5 years with ILI or SRI, respectively, whereas rhinovirus (757) and influenza (306) had the highest AF-adjusted rates among individuals aged ≥65 years with ILI or SRI, respectively.
Conclusions: There was a substantial burden of ILI and SRI in South Africa during 2013-2015. Rhinovirus and influenza had a prominent disease burden among patients with ILI. RSV and influenza were the most prominent causes of SRI in children and the elderly, respectively.
Keywords: South Africa; burden; respiratory viruses.
. 2022 Feb 11.
doi: 10.1111/irv.12949. Online ahead of print.
The national burden of influenza-like illness and severe respiratory illness overall and associated with nine respiratory viruses in South Africa, 2013-2015
Stefano Tempia[SUP] 1 2 3 4 5 [/SUP], Jocelyn Moyes[SUP] 3 5 [/SUP], Adam L Cohen[SUP] 1 6 [/SUP], Sibongile Walaza[SUP] 3 5 [/SUP], Meredith L McMorrow[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Florette K Treurnicht[SUP] 3 7 [/SUP], Orienka Hellferscee[SUP] 3 8 [/SUP], Nicole Wolter[SUP] 3 8 [/SUP], Anne von Gottberg[SUP] 3 8 [/SUP], Halima Dawood[SUP] 9 10 [/SUP], Ebrahim Variava[SUP] 11 12 13 [/SUP], Cheryl Cohen[SUP] 3 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35150059
- DOI: 10.1111/irv.12949
Abstract
Background: Estimates of the disease burden associated with different respiratory viruses are severely limited in low- and middle-income countries, especially in Africa.
Methods: We estimated age-specific numbers and rates of medically and non-medically attended influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe respiratory illness (SRI) that were associated with influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus, adenovirus, enterovirus and parainfluenza virus types 1-3 after adjusting for the attributable fraction (AF) of virus detection to illness in South Africa during 2013-2015. The base rates were estimated from five surveillance sites and extrapolated nationally.
Results: The mean annual rates per 100,000 population were 51,383 and 4196 for ILI and SRI, respectively. Of these, 26% (for ILI) and 46% (for SRI) were medically attended. Among outpatients with ILI, rhinovirus had the highest AF-adjusted rate (7221), followed by influenza (6443) and adenovirus (1364); whereas, among inpatients with SRI, rhinovirus had the highest AF-adjusted rate (400), followed by RSV (247) and influenza (130). Rhinovirus (9424) and RSV (2026) had the highest AF-adjusted rates among children aged <5 years with ILI or SRI, respectively, whereas rhinovirus (757) and influenza (306) had the highest AF-adjusted rates among individuals aged ≥65 years with ILI or SRI, respectively.
Conclusions: There was a substantial burden of ILI and SRI in South Africa during 2013-2015. Rhinovirus and influenza had a prominent disease burden among patients with ILI. RSV and influenza were the most prominent causes of SRI in children and the elderly, respectively.
Keywords: South Africa; burden; respiratory viruses.