tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Influenza Other Respir Viruses
. 2024 Oct;18(10):e70017.
doi: 10.1111/irv.70017. Seasonality and Co-Detection of Respiratory Viral Infections Among Hospitalised Patients Admitted With Acute Respiratory Illness-Valencia Region, Spain, 2010-2021
George Shirreff[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Sandra S Chaves[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Laurent Coudeville[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Beatriz Mengual-Chuliá[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Ainara Mira-Iglesias[SUP] 5 6 [/SUP], Joan Puig-Barberà[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Alejandro Orrico-Sanchez[SUP] 5 6 [/SUP], Javier Díez-Domingo[SUP] 5 6 [/SUP]; Valencia Hospital Surveillance Network for the Study of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses (VAHNSI); Lulla Opatowski[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], F Xavier Lopez-Labrador[SUP] 4 5 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Background: Respiratory viruses are known to represent a high burden in winter, yet the seasonality of many viruses remains poorly understood. Better knowledge of co-circulation and interaction between viruses is critical to prevention and management. We use > 10-year active surveillance in the Valencia Region to assess seasonality and co-circulation.
Methods: Over 2010-2021, samples from patients hospitalised for acute respiratory illness were analysed using multiplex real-time PCR to test for 9 viruses: influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus (PIV), rhino/enteroviruses (HRV/ENV), metapneumovirus (MPV), bocavirus, adenovirus, SARS-CoV-2 and non-SARS coronaviruses (HCoV). Winter seasonal patterns of incidence were examined. Instances of co-detection of multiple viruses in a sample were analysed and compared with expected values under a crude model of independent circulation.
Results: Most viruses exhibited consistent patterns between years. Specifically, RSV and influenza seasons were clearly defined, peaking in December-February, as did HCoV and SARS-CoV-2. MPV, PIV and HRV/ENV showed less clear seasonality, with circulation outside the observed period. All viruses circulated in January, suggesting any pair had opportunity for co-infection. Multiple viruses were found in 4% of patients, with more common co-detection in children under 5 (9%) than older ages. Influenza co-detection was generally observed infrequently relative to expectation, while RSV co-detections were more common, particularly among young children.
Conclusions: We identify characteristic patterns of viruses associated with acute respiratory hospitalisation during winter. Simultaneous circulation permits extensive co-detection of viruses, particularly in young children. However, virus combinations appear to differ in their rates of co-detection, meriting further study.
Keywords: RSV respiratory syncytial virus; co‐detection; co‐infection; influenza; respiratory virus; rhinovirus; seasonality; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
. 2024 Oct;18(10):e70017.
doi: 10.1111/irv.70017. Seasonality and Co-Detection of Respiratory Viral Infections Among Hospitalised Patients Admitted With Acute Respiratory Illness-Valencia Region, Spain, 2010-2021
George Shirreff[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Sandra S Chaves[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Laurent Coudeville[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Beatriz Mengual-Chuliá[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Ainara Mira-Iglesias[SUP] 5 6 [/SUP], Joan Puig-Barberà[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Alejandro Orrico-Sanchez[SUP] 5 6 [/SUP], Javier Díez-Domingo[SUP] 5 6 [/SUP]; Valencia Hospital Surveillance Network for the Study of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses (VAHNSI); Lulla Opatowski[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], F Xavier Lopez-Labrador[SUP] 4 5 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 39439102
- PMCID: PMC11496384
- DOI: 10.1111/irv.70017
Background: Respiratory viruses are known to represent a high burden in winter, yet the seasonality of many viruses remains poorly understood. Better knowledge of co-circulation and interaction between viruses is critical to prevention and management. We use > 10-year active surveillance in the Valencia Region to assess seasonality and co-circulation.
Methods: Over 2010-2021, samples from patients hospitalised for acute respiratory illness were analysed using multiplex real-time PCR to test for 9 viruses: influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus (PIV), rhino/enteroviruses (HRV/ENV), metapneumovirus (MPV), bocavirus, adenovirus, SARS-CoV-2 and non-SARS coronaviruses (HCoV). Winter seasonal patterns of incidence were examined. Instances of co-detection of multiple viruses in a sample were analysed and compared with expected values under a crude model of independent circulation.
Results: Most viruses exhibited consistent patterns between years. Specifically, RSV and influenza seasons were clearly defined, peaking in December-February, as did HCoV and SARS-CoV-2. MPV, PIV and HRV/ENV showed less clear seasonality, with circulation outside the observed period. All viruses circulated in January, suggesting any pair had opportunity for co-infection. Multiple viruses were found in 4% of patients, with more common co-detection in children under 5 (9%) than older ages. Influenza co-detection was generally observed infrequently relative to expectation, while RSV co-detections were more common, particularly among young children.
Conclusions: We identify characteristic patterns of viruses associated with acute respiratory hospitalisation during winter. Simultaneous circulation permits extensive co-detection of viruses, particularly in young children. However, virus combinations appear to differ in their rates of co-detection, meriting further study.
Keywords: RSV respiratory syncytial virus; co‐detection; co‐infection; influenza; respiratory virus; rhinovirus; seasonality; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.