tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Influenza Other Respir Viruses
. 2024 May;18(5):e13309.
doi: 10.1111/irv.13309. Cross-Reactive Antibody Responses to Coronaviruses Elicited by SARS-CoV-2 Infection or Vaccination
Richard S H Lee[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Samuel M S Cheng[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jin Zhao[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Annie Y S Tsoi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kaman K M Lau[SUP] 1 [/SUP], CoCo H C Chan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], John K C Li[SUP] 1 [/SUP], David S C Hui[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Malik Peiris[SUP] 1 3 [/SUP], Hui-Ling Yen[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Background: The newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 possesses shared antigenic epitopes with other human coronaviruses. We investigated if COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection may boost cross-reactive antibodies to other human coronaviruses.
Methods: Prevaccination and postvaccination sera from SARS-CoV-2 naïve healthy subjects who received three doses of the mRNA vaccine (BioNTech, BNT) or the inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac, CV) were used to monitor the level of cross-reactive antibodies raised against other human coronaviruses by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In comparison, convalescent sera from COVID-19 patients with or without prior vaccination history were also tested. Pseudoparticle neutralization assay was performed to detect neutralization antibody against MERS-CoV.
Results: Among SARS-CoV-2 infection-naïve subjects, BNT or CV significantly increased the anti-S2 antibodies against Betacoronaviruses (OC43 and MERS-CoV) but not Alphacoronaviruses (229E). The prevaccination antibody response to the common cold human coronaviruses did not negatively impact the postvaccination antibody response to SARS-CoV-2. Cross-reactive antibodies that binds to the S2 protein of MERS-CoV were similarly detected from the convalescent sera of COVID-19 patients with or without vaccination history. However, these anti-S2 antibodies do not possess neutralizing activity in MERS-CoV pseudoparticle neutralization tests.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination may potentially modulate population immune landscape against previously exposed or novel human coronaviruses. The findings have implications for future sero-epidemiological studies on MERS-CoV.
Keywords: COVID‐19 vaccines; SARS‐CoV‐2; convalescent sera; cross‐reactive antibody; human coronaviruses.
. 2024 May;18(5):e13309.
doi: 10.1111/irv.13309. Cross-Reactive Antibody Responses to Coronaviruses Elicited by SARS-CoV-2 Infection or Vaccination
Richard S H Lee[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Samuel M S Cheng[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jin Zhao[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Annie Y S Tsoi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kaman K M Lau[SUP] 1 [/SUP], CoCo H C Chan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], John K C Li[SUP] 1 [/SUP], David S C Hui[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Malik Peiris[SUP] 1 3 [/SUP], Hui-Ling Yen[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 38725111
- DOI: 10.1111/irv.13309
Background: The newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 possesses shared antigenic epitopes with other human coronaviruses. We investigated if COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection may boost cross-reactive antibodies to other human coronaviruses.
Methods: Prevaccination and postvaccination sera from SARS-CoV-2 naïve healthy subjects who received three doses of the mRNA vaccine (BioNTech, BNT) or the inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac, CV) were used to monitor the level of cross-reactive antibodies raised against other human coronaviruses by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In comparison, convalescent sera from COVID-19 patients with or without prior vaccination history were also tested. Pseudoparticle neutralization assay was performed to detect neutralization antibody against MERS-CoV.
Results: Among SARS-CoV-2 infection-naïve subjects, BNT or CV significantly increased the anti-S2 antibodies against Betacoronaviruses (OC43 and MERS-CoV) but not Alphacoronaviruses (229E). The prevaccination antibody response to the common cold human coronaviruses did not negatively impact the postvaccination antibody response to SARS-CoV-2. Cross-reactive antibodies that binds to the S2 protein of MERS-CoV were similarly detected from the convalescent sera of COVID-19 patients with or without vaccination history. However, these anti-S2 antibodies do not possess neutralizing activity in MERS-CoV pseudoparticle neutralization tests.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination may potentially modulate population immune landscape against previously exposed or novel human coronaviruses. The findings have implications for future sero-epidemiological studies on MERS-CoV.
Keywords: COVID‐19 vaccines; SARS‐CoV‐2; convalescent sera; cross‐reactive antibody; human coronaviruses.