tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Influenza Other Respir Viruses
. 2025 May;19(5):e70110.
doi: 10.1111/irv.70110. Comparative Analysis of the Evolutionary Dynamics of Seasonal Influenza Viruses in Madagascar Before and Since the Pandemic Period of COVID-19
Norosoa Harline Razanajatovo[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Tsiry Hasina Randriambolamanantsoa[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Laurence Randrianasolo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Joelinotahiana Hasina Rabarison[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sitraka Ulrich Raveloson[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Baholy Barasaona[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Nirina Nantenaina Ranoelison[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Arvé Ratsimbazafy[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Helisoa Razafimanjato[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fara Adèle Raveloharivony[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Aina Harimanana[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Rindra Randremanana[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Miamina Fidy Ankasitrahana[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Antso Hasina Raherinandrasana[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jean-Michel Heraud[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Philippe Dussart[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Vincent Lacoste[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Madagascar has maintained an influenza surveillance program for decades. Following the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in 2020, the country implemented strict nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) that disrupted influenza circulation. We studied the evolutionary dynamics of influenza viruses in Madagascar over a 5-year period, spanning both the pre-pandemic and COVID-19 pandemic periods: 2019-2023. We showed that global genetic evolution profiles for A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), and B/Victoria viruses occurred from the pre-pandemic to the pandemic period of COVID-19 in Madagascar. In addition, we observed distinct patterns of viral re-emergence following the relaxation of COVID-19 containment measures. This study underscores the importance of sustaining continuous surveillance of influenza virus circulation to monitor the emergence of new variants and identify clade-specific isolates. In addition, these results suggest that targeted NPIs could complement vaccination strategies in reducing influenza transmission and should be integrated into a comprehensive approach for effective influenza control.
Keywords: COVID‐19; Madagascar; evolution; genetics; influenza.
. 2025 May;19(5):e70110.
doi: 10.1111/irv.70110. Comparative Analysis of the Evolutionary Dynamics of Seasonal Influenza Viruses in Madagascar Before and Since the Pandemic Period of COVID-19
Norosoa Harline Razanajatovo[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Tsiry Hasina Randriambolamanantsoa[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Laurence Randrianasolo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Joelinotahiana Hasina Rabarison[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sitraka Ulrich Raveloson[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Baholy Barasaona[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Nirina Nantenaina Ranoelison[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Arvé Ratsimbazafy[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Helisoa Razafimanjato[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fara Adèle Raveloharivony[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Aina Harimanana[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Rindra Randremanana[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Miamina Fidy Ankasitrahana[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Antso Hasina Raherinandrasana[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jean-Michel Heraud[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Philippe Dussart[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Vincent Lacoste[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 40338114
- PMCID: PMC12058301
- DOI: 10.1111/irv.70110
Madagascar has maintained an influenza surveillance program for decades. Following the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in 2020, the country implemented strict nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) that disrupted influenza circulation. We studied the evolutionary dynamics of influenza viruses in Madagascar over a 5-year period, spanning both the pre-pandemic and COVID-19 pandemic periods: 2019-2023. We showed that global genetic evolution profiles for A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), and B/Victoria viruses occurred from the pre-pandemic to the pandemic period of COVID-19 in Madagascar. In addition, we observed distinct patterns of viral re-emergence following the relaxation of COVID-19 containment measures. This study underscores the importance of sustaining continuous surveillance of influenza virus circulation to monitor the emergence of new variants and identify clade-specific isolates. In addition, these results suggest that targeted NPIs could complement vaccination strategies in reducing influenza transmission and should be integrated into a comprehensive approach for effective influenza control.
Keywords: COVID‐19; Madagascar; evolution; genetics; influenza.