tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Infect Drug Resist
. 2024 Oct 23:17:4589-4598.
doi: 10.2147/IDR.S483133. eCollection 2024. MERS-CoV Infection and Its Impact on the Expression of TSLP Cytokine and IgG Antibodies: An In Vivo and In Vitro Study
Ayman Mubarak[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mahfoudh Alqoufail[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Saeedah Almutairi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Bahauddeen Alrfaei[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Abdulaziz Almotairi[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Ibrahim Aziz[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Taghreed N Almanaa[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mostafa A Abdel-Maksoud[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mohamed A Farrag[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Allolo D Aldreiwish[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Maaweya E Awadalla[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Bandar Alosaimi[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Wael Alturaiki[SUP] 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Purpose: Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by epithelial cells that is involved in the activation of allergic disorders. To date, no study has examined TSLP induction during Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection. Herein, we aimed to study the effects of the recombinant spike protein of MERS-CoV on TSLP production. Additionally, the effects of recombinant human TSLP (rhTSLP) on B cell survival and antibody production were investigated.
Patients and methods: B cells were separated using the Human B Cell Enrichment Kit, and B cell survival was measured using the WST-1 Assay Kit. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure TSLP levels in the sera of both MERS-CoV-infected (n=4; median age, 53 years) and healthy individuals (n=5; median age, 35 years).
Results: We showed that the group of infected patients had significantly higher levels of TSLP than healthy controls (37.6 pg/mL vs 19.8 pg/mL, *p<0.05). The levels of TSLP in A549 cells were remarkably increased after 48 h of stimulation with recombinant full-length spike protein (rSP) (32.2 pg/mL, p=0.01). B cell survival was greatly enhanced by rhTSLP alone or in combination with rSP (0.02 vs 0.046, and 0.045; **p<0.01, respectively). Our data also showed a significant synergistic effect of rhTSLP and rSP on the augmented response of IgG antibodies against the spike protein of MERS-CoV compared with unstimulated cells (0.156 vs 0.22; *p<0.05).
Conclusion: TSLP production is induced in vivo after MERS-CoV infection and in vitro after treatment with the rSP of MERS-CoV, which has a significant effect on the survival of B cells. Our data suggest that TSLP can be used as a strong mucosal adjuvant for vaccine development against MERS-CoV infection. However, further investigation is required to study the functional role of TSLP in MERS-CoV infection.
Keywords: B cells; MERS-CoV; TSLP; recombinants spike protein.
. 2024 Oct 23:17:4589-4598.
doi: 10.2147/IDR.S483133. eCollection 2024. MERS-CoV Infection and Its Impact on the Expression of TSLP Cytokine and IgG Antibodies: An In Vivo and In Vitro Study
Ayman Mubarak[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mahfoudh Alqoufail[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Saeedah Almutairi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Bahauddeen Alrfaei[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Abdulaziz Almotairi[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Ibrahim Aziz[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Taghreed N Almanaa[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mostafa A Abdel-Maksoud[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mohamed A Farrag[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Allolo D Aldreiwish[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Maaweya E Awadalla[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Bandar Alosaimi[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Wael Alturaiki[SUP] 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 39469096
- PMCID: PMC11513571
- DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S483133
Purpose: Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by epithelial cells that is involved in the activation of allergic disorders. To date, no study has examined TSLP induction during Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection. Herein, we aimed to study the effects of the recombinant spike protein of MERS-CoV on TSLP production. Additionally, the effects of recombinant human TSLP (rhTSLP) on B cell survival and antibody production were investigated.
Patients and methods: B cells were separated using the Human B Cell Enrichment Kit, and B cell survival was measured using the WST-1 Assay Kit. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure TSLP levels in the sera of both MERS-CoV-infected (n=4; median age, 53 years) and healthy individuals (n=5; median age, 35 years).
Results: We showed that the group of infected patients had significantly higher levels of TSLP than healthy controls (37.6 pg/mL vs 19.8 pg/mL, *p<0.05). The levels of TSLP in A549 cells were remarkably increased after 48 h of stimulation with recombinant full-length spike protein (rSP) (32.2 pg/mL, p=0.01). B cell survival was greatly enhanced by rhTSLP alone or in combination with rSP (0.02 vs 0.046, and 0.045; **p<0.01, respectively). Our data also showed a significant synergistic effect of rhTSLP and rSP on the augmented response of IgG antibodies against the spike protein of MERS-CoV compared with unstimulated cells (0.156 vs 0.22; *p<0.05).
Conclusion: TSLP production is induced in vivo after MERS-CoV infection and in vitro after treatment with the rSP of MERS-CoV, which has a significant effect on the survival of B cells. Our data suggest that TSLP can be used as a strong mucosal adjuvant for vaccine development against MERS-CoV infection. However, further investigation is required to study the functional role of TSLP in MERS-CoV infection.
Keywords: B cells; MERS-CoV; TSLP; recombinants spike protein.