tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Arch Virol. 2010 Jun 9. [Epub ahead of print]
Induction of TNF-alpha in human macrophages by avian and human influenza viruses.
Monteerarat Y, Sakabe S, Ngamurulert S, Srichatraphimuk S, Jiamtom W, Chaichuen K, Thitithanyanont A, Permpikul P, Songserm T, Puthavathana P, Nidom CA, Mai LQ, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Kawaoka Y, Auewarakul P.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
Abstract
The highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 is known to induce high level of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) from primary macrophages. However, it is still unclear whether current H5N1 strains also induce high TNF-alpha production, as most of the data were derived from extinct clade 0 H5N1 strain. Here, we show that current clade 1 and 2 H5N1 strains induce variable levels of TNF-alpha that are not necessarily higher than those induced by seasonal influenza viruses. The result suggests that hyper-induction of TNF-alpha in human macrophages is not always associated with a highly pathogenic phenotype. We further tested the contribution of the NS gene segment from H5N1 isolates to TNF-alpha induction by using reverse genetics. While NS conferred some variation in TNF-alpha induction when incorporated into an H1N1 virus genetic background, it did not affect TNF-alpha induction in an H5N1 virus genetic background, suggesting that other viral genes are involved.
PMID: 20532927 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20532927
Induction of TNF-alpha in human macrophages by avian and human influenza viruses.
Monteerarat Y, Sakabe S, Ngamurulert S, Srichatraphimuk S, Jiamtom W, Chaichuen K, Thitithanyanont A, Permpikul P, Songserm T, Puthavathana P, Nidom CA, Mai LQ, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Kawaoka Y, Auewarakul P.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
Abstract
The highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 is known to induce high level of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) from primary macrophages. However, it is still unclear whether current H5N1 strains also induce high TNF-alpha production, as most of the data were derived from extinct clade 0 H5N1 strain. Here, we show that current clade 1 and 2 H5N1 strains induce variable levels of TNF-alpha that are not necessarily higher than those induced by seasonal influenza viruses. The result suggests that hyper-induction of TNF-alpha in human macrophages is not always associated with a highly pathogenic phenotype. We further tested the contribution of the NS gene segment from H5N1 isolates to TNF-alpha induction by using reverse genetics. While NS conferred some variation in TNF-alpha induction when incorporated into an H1N1 virus genetic background, it did not affect TNF-alpha induction in an H5N1 virus genetic background, suggesting that other viral genes are involved.
PMID: 20532927 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20532927