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India Acute Flaccid Paralysis 2015

Ronan Kelly

Ronan Kelly

Retired 2020
Link to 2014 thread; https://flutrackers.com/forum/forum/...paralysis-2014

Link to SEARO India page; http://www.searo.who.int/india/topics/poliomyelitis/en/
India.webp

http://www.searo.who.int/india/topics/poliomyelitis/afpsurveillancebulletin_29jan2015.pdf?ua=1
 
Uttar Pradesh
Symptoms of polio in children found
Publish Date: Sat, 06 Jun 2015 10:15 PM (IST) | Updated Date: Sat, 06 Jun 2015 10:15 PM (IST)

Symptoms of polio in children found
Nhtur: Village Nnhedha station area resident symptoms of polio have been found in a two-year-old child. The child was being treated at a private hospital. CHC hanging on foot, he made an inquiry. CHC confirmed by the charge. Children's stool samples have been sent to investigate.
Nnhedha village resident John (two years) was the son valet diarrhea. Dhampur parents in child admitted to a private hospital. After treatment in hospital on Saturday, there was no movement in one leg of the child. The relatives were upset about it. CHC took her kin. At CHC ensuing investigation found traces of polio in children.
They say
The child is anticipating signs of polio. Stool sample is sent to investigate. After the report, only a few more can be said in this regard.
DR. Gulshan Babu Kataria, CHC charge
- See more at: http://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/bijnor-12452005.html#sthash.ZaGcOudy.dpuf
 
PRESS NOTE

Cases reported from Uttar Pradesh in section of media are of AFP (Acute Flaccid Paralysis), not Polio

India polio-free for more than 4 years ? maintains high surveillance for poliovirus detection

Every year, approximately 50,000 Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) cases are picked up and investigated from across the country by the polio surveillance network. All AFP cases investigated in 2012, 2013 and 2014 have tested negative for poliovirus. Nearly 18,000 AFP cases have been investigated between January and June 2015 as a part of the ongoing surveillance activities in India. The 208 cases reported from Bareilly in a section of the media are a part of these. Reports of all AFP cases received from the laboratories in 2015 are negative for poliovirus.

India is polio-free. The country reported its last case of wild poliovirus in 2011. After three consecutive polio-free years, the South-East Asia Region of WHO, comprising of 11 countries (including India), was certified polio-free on 27 March 2014. Despite this progress, India has maintained a high vigil and ensured that no complacency sets in order to maintain the polio-free status for the last more than 4 years. It has taken appropriate actions to ensure high population immunity against polio as well as for maintaining a sensitive surveillance system for poliovirus detection.

Surveillance for polio in India has been set up as per global WHO guidelines according to which all cases of paralysis with sudden onset in children up to 15 years (which is called Acute Flaccid Paralysis or AFP) are reported and investigated by the polio surveillance network and their stool samples tested for poliovirus in WHO accredited laboratories. Surveillance for polio in India is considered among the best polio surveillance systems anywhere in the world and surpasses the globally recommended standards.

The AFP Surveillance system has been in place in India since 1997. While polio cases were detected in India through this surveillance system between 1997 and 2011, not a single AFP case has tested positive for polio since 13 January 2011.

The surveillance system for polio is being maintained in India even after polio-free certification to demonstrate that there is no polio in India and to pick up any importations of poliovirus, if they were to occur.

The India programme continues to protect children from the crippling disease by conducting two nationwide mass polio vaccination campaigns and three sub-national campaigns each year.

India has already conducted two nationwide and one sub-national campaign in 2015. The next sub-national campaign will begin on Sunday, 21 June 2015 and will cover Western UP including Bareilly. In addition, Bihar, Delhi and high risk population pockets in the states of Haryana, Punjab, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Jharkhand, Uttarakhand and West Bengal will also be covered.

Intensive efforts have been undertaken in India to improve routine immunization coverage that involves administering polio vaccines, in addition to other vaccines, to infants under the aegis of universal immunization programme (UIP).

Strong measures have been in operation in India to mitigate the risk of an importation and spread of the poliovirus from countries with continued circulation of poliovirus. More than 100 vaccination posts are functioning along the international borders of India with Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar and Bhutan to administer oral polio vaccine drops throughout the year to all children entering India through these borders. India has also made polio vaccination a mandatory requirement for travellers coming from and going to polio infected countries, including the recently infected ones.

***
http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=122654

Week 24 Report: http://www.searo.who.int/india/topics/poliomyelitis/afpsurveillancebulletin_19june2015.pdf?ua=1

India.webp
 
Source: http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/...o-polio-like-disease/articleshow/47805545.cms

Unicef to look into ?polio-like? disease
Mrigank Tiwari,TNN | Jun 24, 2015, 10.37 PM IST

BAREILLY: After TOI reported on June 20 that more than 200 stool samples from children aged between five and 15 years showing polio-like symptoms had been sent for testing to the Central Pathological Laboratory, Mumbai, a team of senior officials from the health department and Unicef is set to visit the city for an inquiry.

The team will arrive here on June 27. Sources say the World Health Organisation, expressing concern, had urged the government to conduct an inquiry...
 
Trends in Nonpolio Acute Flaccid Paralysis Incidence in India 2000 to 2013
  • Neetu Vashisht,
  • Jacob Puliyel,
  • and Vishnubhatla Sreenivas
Pediatrics 2015; 135:Supplement 1 S16-S17; doi:10.1542/peds.2014-3330DD [h=2]BACKGROUND:[/h] Although the incidence of polio acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) has decreased in India, the nonpolio AFP (NPAFP) rate has increased. Nationwide, the NPAFP rate is 11.82 per 100 000 population, whereas the expected rate is 1 to 2 per 100 000 population. We examined the correlates of NPAFP to discern explanations for the increase. The incidence of polio AFP in India has decreased. However, the nonpolio AFP rate has increased since 2000. Follow-up of these cases of nonpolio AFP is not done routinely. However, one-fifth of these cases of nonpolio AFP in the state of Uttar Pradesh (UP) were followed up after 60 days in 2005; 35.2% of patients were found to have residual paralysis, and 8.5% had died. This suggests that the pathology in children being registered as having nonpolio AFP cannot be considered trivial. Therefore, there is a compelling reason to try to determine the underlying causes for the surge in nonpolio paralysis numbers.
Previous SectionNext Section
[h=2]METHODS:[/h] The data on AFP, polio and nonpolio AFP, and number of polio rounds were examined in each state in each year from 2000 to 2013. Multiple linear regression analysis adjusting for region or state, total and female literacy rate, population density, and per-capita gross domestic product was performed. Differences between states and changes over time were analyzed.

Previous SectionNext Section
[h=2]RESULTS:[/h] NPAFP increased with the number of oral polio vaccine (OPV) doses used (R2 = 25.02%; P < .001). When effect of cumulative doses over the previous years was examined, the NPAFP rate in 2013 best correlated with the cumulative doses received in the previous 7 years (R2 = 57.16%), with 2012 excluded because data for this year were incomplete. This correlation was highly significant (P < .001). On multiple regression analysis, the number of OPV doses was the only factor that showed a positive correlation with the NPAFP rate. The average increase in the NPAFP rate was 1.31 per 100 000 population (P < .001; 95% confidence interval, 1.11?1.52) with each dose of OPV. The NPAFP rate in UP and Bihar, which had consistently increased each year until 2011, decreased in the 2 states in 2012, coinciding with a reduction in doses of OPV administered.

Previous Section

[h=2]CONCLUSIONS:[/h] The incidence of NPAFP was strongly associated with the number of OPV doses delivered to the area. A dose?response relationship with cumulative doses over the years was also observed, which strengthens the hypothetical relationship between polio vaccine and NPAFP. The fall in the NPAFP rate in Bihar and UP for the first time in 2012, with a decrease in the number of OPV doses delivered, is evidence of a causative association between OPV doses and the NPAFP rate.
  • Copyright ? 2015 by the American Academy of Pediatrics
Click to expand...
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/135/Supplement_1/S16.2.full
 
Posted at: Sep 27 2015 1:26AM

Polio virus detection in Patiala rings alarm bells
Rachna Khaira
Tribune News Service
Jalandhar, September 26
Despite India being declared polio free by the World Health Organisation (WHO) last year, the detection of the Vaccine Derived Polio Virus (VDPV) from sewerage in Patiala has rung alarm bells in the state.
Punjab ? being in proximity to Pakistan and Afghanistan ? is at a high risk of polio importation from the two polio-affected nations.
The live polio virus has repeatedly been detected in samples taken from the sewerage at Rajpura in the past few months during the ongoing Environmental Surveillance Programme (ESP) of the WHO.
...
http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/pu...tion-in-patiala-rings-alarm-bells/138330.html
 
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