tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2018 Mar 22. doi: 10.1093/jpids/piy023. [Epub ahead of print]
[h=1]Incidence of Healthcare-Associated Influenza-Like Illness After a Primary Care Encounter Among Young Children.[/h] Feemster K[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP], Localio R[SUP]3[/SUP], Grundmeier R[SUP]2,[/SUP][SUP]4[/SUP], Metlay JP[SUP]5[/SUP], Coffin SE[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]Background:[/h] Despite potential respiratory virus transmission in pediatric clinics, little is known about the risk of healthcare-associated viral infections attributable to outpatient encounters. We evaluated whether exposure to a pediatric clinic visit was associated with subsequent influenza-like illness (ILI).
[h=4]Methods:[/h] Using electronic health record data, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of all children aged <6 years who presented to a provider in a 29-clinic pediatric primary care network for a non-ILI-related encounter over 2 respiratory virus seasons (September 1, 2012, to April 30, 2014). We defined a risk period for potential healthcare-associated (HA) ILI of 1 to 8 days after a non-ILI clinic visit and identified all cases of ILI to compare the incidences of ILI visits 1 to 8 days after a non-ILI encounter and those of visits >8 days after a non-ILI encounter.
[h=4]Results:[/h] Among 149987 children <6 years of age (mean age, 2.5 years) with ≥1 non-ILI visit during the study period, 531928 total encounters and 13951 (2.9%) ILI encounters were identified; 1941 (13.9%) occurred within the HA-ILI risk window. The incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for ILI 1 to 8 days after compared with ILI >8 days after a non-ILI visit during season 1 were 1.36 (95% confidence interval, 1.22-1.52) among children ≥2 years of age and 1.01 (95% confidence interval, 0.93-1.09) among children <2 years of age. Estimates remained consistent during season 2 and with a risk window of 3, 4, or 9 days.
[h=4]Conclusions:[/h] Pediatric clinic visits during a respiratory virus season were significantly associated with an increased incidence of subsequent ILI among children aged 2 to 6 years but not among those aged <2 years. These findings support the hypothesis that respiratory virus transmission in a pediatric clinic can result in HA ILI in young children.
PMID: 29579251 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piy023
[h=1]Incidence of Healthcare-Associated Influenza-Like Illness After a Primary Care Encounter Among Young Children.[/h] Feemster K[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP], Localio R[SUP]3[/SUP], Grundmeier R[SUP]2,[/SUP][SUP]4[/SUP], Metlay JP[SUP]5[/SUP], Coffin SE[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]Background:[/h] Despite potential respiratory virus transmission in pediatric clinics, little is known about the risk of healthcare-associated viral infections attributable to outpatient encounters. We evaluated whether exposure to a pediatric clinic visit was associated with subsequent influenza-like illness (ILI).
[h=4]Methods:[/h] Using electronic health record data, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of all children aged <6 years who presented to a provider in a 29-clinic pediatric primary care network for a non-ILI-related encounter over 2 respiratory virus seasons (September 1, 2012, to April 30, 2014). We defined a risk period for potential healthcare-associated (HA) ILI of 1 to 8 days after a non-ILI clinic visit and identified all cases of ILI to compare the incidences of ILI visits 1 to 8 days after a non-ILI encounter and those of visits >8 days after a non-ILI encounter.
[h=4]Results:[/h] Among 149987 children <6 years of age (mean age, 2.5 years) with ≥1 non-ILI visit during the study period, 531928 total encounters and 13951 (2.9%) ILI encounters were identified; 1941 (13.9%) occurred within the HA-ILI risk window. The incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for ILI 1 to 8 days after compared with ILI >8 days after a non-ILI visit during season 1 were 1.36 (95% confidence interval, 1.22-1.52) among children ≥2 years of age and 1.01 (95% confidence interval, 0.93-1.09) among children <2 years of age. Estimates remained consistent during season 2 and with a risk window of 3, 4, or 9 days.
[h=4]Conclusions:[/h] Pediatric clinic visits during a respiratory virus season were significantly associated with an increased incidence of subsequent ILI among children aged 2 to 6 years but not among those aged <2 years. These findings support the hypothesis that respiratory virus transmission in a pediatric clinic can result in HA ILI in young children.
PMID: 29579251 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piy023