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Identified over 40 cases of mutations of the virus in Spain

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Detectados m?s de 40 casos de mutaciones del virus en Espa?a

MADRID, 23 Dic. (EUROPA PRESS) -


El Centro Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiol?gica del Instituto de Salud Carlos III informa de que ya se han registrado en Espa?a m?s de 40 casos de mutaciones del virus H1N1 causante de la gripe A, entre las cuales estar?an dos por resistencia al antiviral 'Tamiflu', cinco similares a la mutaci?n registrada por primera vez en Noruega y una variante de la misma, que ya se ha detectado en m?s de 30 pacientes.

El pasado 4 de diciembre, el director general de Salud P?blica y Sanidad Exterior, Ildefonso Hern?ndez, inform? de los tres primeros casos de mutaciones del virus de la gripe A en Espa?a, uno en un paciente de 66 a?os de Catalu?a que present? resistencias a oseltamivir --el antiviral que Roche comercializa como 'Tamiflu'-- y los otros dos en pacientes, tambi?n en Catalu?a, con una misma mutaci?n del virus registrada poco antes en Noruega, la 'D222G', que provoc? el fallecimiento de uno de ellos.

Sin embargo, el ?ltimo informe del Sistema de Vigilancia de la Gripe en Espa?a, relativo a la semana del 13 al 19 de diciembre, informa de nuevos casos de mutaciones ya que, en cuanto a las asociadas con resistencia a oseltamivir, informa de una registrada en una ni?a de 14 meses del Pa?s Vasco que presentaba factores de riesgo.

Ambos casos, seg?n dicho informe, fueron ingresados en la UCI y tratados con oseltamivir durante cinco d?as y posteriormente, y tras la recuperaci?n, recibieron el alta.

En cuanto a las mutaciones 'D222G', el Centro Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiol?gica informa de una en Andaluc?a en un hombre de 31 a?os sin antecedentes m?dicos que despu?s de varias complicaciones fallece con fallo multiorg?nico; una en Castilla La Mancha en una mujer de 28 a?os y otra en Galicia en un hombre de 27 a?os, de las que se desconoce si presentaban factores de riesgo y su posterior evoluci?n :rolleyes:. A estas tres habr?a que a?adir las dos ya conocidas en Catalu?a.

Seg?n explica el informe, "aunque la significaci?n de esta mutaci?n no est? del todo definida, la posici?n 222 est? situada en la zona de uni?n al receptor celular y por tanto, el cambio de D a G podr?a influir en la especificidad haciendo que el virus tuviera m?s facilidad para infectar zonas m?s inferiores del tracto respiratorio".

Por otro lado, este centro dependiente del Carlos III informa de la mutaci?n D222E, de la que el Centro Nacional de Microbiolog?a (CNM) ha encontrado su presencia en 34 pacientes procedentes de Castilla-La Mancha, Ceuta, Galicia, Madrid, Melilla y Navarra. Adem?s, Andaluc?a y Asturias lo han identificado en 6 y 1 casos respectivamente.

Dicha mutaci?n del ARN afecta a la cubierta del virus en un lugar pr?ximo al punto de uni?n del receptor a la c?lula del epitelio bronquial y, aunque "la significaci?n de este cambio en el sitio de uni?n al receptor es muy dudosa", explican los autores del informe, "los datos de los pacientes que la presentan pueden ser de gran ayuda para tratar de interpretar si tiene alguna funcionalidad".

Seg?n explic? el profesor Jos? L?pez Aldeguer, miembro de la Sociedad Espa?ola de Enfermedades Infecciosas (SEIMC), este comportamiento "no es inusual" ya que "las mutaciones del virus de la gripe son esperables, como tambi?n sucede anualmente con el de la estacional".

En cualquier caso, este experto declar? a Europa Press que "no parece especialmente grave" ya que seg?n las previsiones la temporada gripal va a seguir con la misma intensidad que hasta el momento est? demostrando en Espa?a.

CANARIAS, ASTURIAS Y CATALU?A, LAS CCAA M?S CASTIGADAS

En lo que respecta a la incidencia gripal en la ?ltima semana, el Centro Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiol?gica informa de que la mayor tasa de contagios en la semana del 13 al 19 de diciembre se ha registrado en Canarias, con 145,08 casos por 100.000 habitantes; a la que siguen Asturias (122,18), Catalu?a (107,3), Castilla y Le?n (95,87), Arag?n (86,09), Andaluc?a (85,12), Extremadura (83,87), Castilla-La Mancha (82,75) y Melilla (82,28).

Ya por debajo de la media, que en esta semana est? en 78,55 casos por 100.000 habitantes, se sit?an la Comunidad Valenciana (70,19), Navarra (68,48), Pa?s Vasco (66,02), Cantabria (52,7), Ceuta (50,44), La Rioja (49,33), Baleares (48,69) y Comunidad de Madrid (48,24). De Galicia y Murcia no se especifican datos en el citado informe.

Con respecto a la semana anterior, la actividad gripal se estabiliza en Espa?a ya que la mayor?a de las comunidades (hasta 10) se?alan una estabilizaci?n de la incidencia de gripe mientras que en las seis restantes (Andaluc?a, Baleares, Castilla La Mancha, Comunidad Valenciana, Extremadura y Melilla) se observa una disminuci?n de la misma.

En Baleares, Cantabria, Navarra y La Rioja se registran por segunda semana consecutiva valores de incidencia gripal propios del periodo pre-epid?mico y en otras seis redes del sistema la incidencia gripal se sit?a muy cercana al umbral basal. Por otro lado, el nivel de intensidad gripal es medio en la mayor?a del territorio sujeto a vigilancia y bajo en la Comunidad Valenciana, Ceuta y cuatro redes en el norte del pa?s. La difusi?n geogr?fica de la enfermedad tan s?lo es epid?mica en Murcia, local en diez redes y espor?dica o nula en el resto.

Fuente: europa press
http://www.europapress.es/salud/not...s-mutaciones-virus-espana-20091223212121.html


Identified over 40 cases of mutations of the virus in Spain

MADRID, 23 Dec. (EUROPA PRESS) --


The National Epidemiological Surveillance Center of the Health Institute Carlos III reports that have already been registered in Spain more than 40 cases of mutations of the H1N1 virus causing the influenza A, including two for resistance would antiviral Tamiflu, five Similar to the first mutation found in Norway and a variant thereof, that has already been detected in 30 patients.

On 4 December, the director general of Health and Foreign Health, Ildefonso Hernandez, the first three reported cases of mutation in influenza A virus in Spain, one in a patient 66 years of Catalonia presented resistance to oseltamivir - the antiviral drug that Roche sells as' Tamiflu' - and the other two patients, also in Catalonia, with the same mutation of the virus recorded earlier in Norway, 'D222G', which caused the death of one of them.

However, the recent report of the System Influenza Surveillance in Spain on the week of 13 to 19 December, reports of new cases of mutations because, as those associated with oseltamivir resistance to reports of a registered in a girl of 14 months of the Basque Country that presented risk factors.

Both cases, he reported, were admitted to the ICU and treated with oseltamivir for five days and then, after recovery, were discharged.

As for the mutations 'D222G', the National Epidemiological Surveillance Center reports a man in Andalusia in 31 years with no history of medical complications after several died with multiorgan failure, one in Castilla La Mancha in a woman 28 years and one in Galicia in a man aged 27, from which it is unknown if had risk factors and their subsequent evolution :rolleyes: . To these three should be added the two already known in Catalonia.

According to the report explains, "although the significance of this mutation is not fully defined, the position 222 is located in the area of cellular receptor binding and therefore the change from D to G may influence the specific virus causing the ease had more areas to infect lower respiratory tract.

Furthermore, this center under the Carlos III reports the D222E mutation, which the National Microbiology Center (NMC) has found its presence in 34 patients from Castilla-La Mancha, Ceuta, Galicia, Madrid, Melilla and Navarra . In addition, Andalusia and Asturias have identified in 6 and 1 cases respectively.

The mutation of RNA affects the viral envelope in a place near the junction of the receiver to the bronchial epithelial cell, although "the significance of this change in the receptor-binding site is highly questionable," the authors explain the report, "data from patients who have can be very helpful in trying to interpret if you have any functionality."

As explained by Professor Jose Lopez Aldeguer, member of the Spanish Society for Infectious Diseases (SEIMC), this behavior is "not unusual" and that "mutations of flu viruses are to be expected, as does each year with the seasonal" .

In any case, this expert told Europa Press that "does not seem particularly serious" as predicted by the flu season will continue unabated so far is showing in Spain.

Canary Islands, Asturias and Catalonia, the Regions More punishment

As regards the impact on the flu last week, the National Epidemiological Surveillance Center reports that the highest rate of infection in the week of 13 to 19 December, has been registered in the Canaries, with 145.08 cases per 100,000 population ; to the following Asturias (122.18), Catalonia (107.3), Castilla y Leon (95.87), Aragon (86.09), Andalusia (85.12), Extremadura (83.87), Castilla La Mancha (82.75) and Melilla (82.28).

Already below the average, which this week is 78.55 per 100,000 inhabitants, is situated the Comunidad Valenciana (70.19), Navarra (68.48), Basque Country (66.02), Cantabria (52 , 7), Ceuta (50.44), La Rioja (49.33), Baleares (48.69) and Madrid (48.24). In Galicia and Murcia are not specified in that report data.

With respect to the previous week, influenza activity stabilizes in Spain as most of the communities (to 10) indicate a stabilization of the incidence of influenza while in the remaining six (Andalucia, Baleares, Castilla La Mancha, Comunidad Valenciana , and Melilla Extremadura) shows a decrease of the same.

In the Balearic Islands, Cantabria, Navarra and La Rioja are recorded for the second straight week own flu incidence values from the pre-epidemic and six other system networks influenza incidence is situated very close to the baseline threshold. Furthermore, the level of influenza intensity is half in most of the territory under surveillance and under in Valencia, Ceuta and four networks in the north. The geographical spread of the disease is epidemic only in Murcia, in ten local networks and sporadic or none in others.

Source: europa press
http://translate.google.es/translat...-virus-espana-20091223212121.html&sl=es&tl=en
 
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