Human and Avian Influenza Viruses Target Different Cells in the Lower Respiratory http://ajp.amjpathol.org/cgi/content/abstract/ajpath.2007.070248v1
Tract of Humans and Other Mammals
<nobr>Debby van Riel,</nobr> <nobr>Vincent J. Munster,</nobr> <nobr>Emmie de Wit,</nobr> <nobr>Guus F. Rimmelzwaan,</nobr> <nobr>Ron A.M. Fouchier,</nobr> <nobr>Albert D.M.E. Osterhaus,</nobr> and <nobr>Thijs Kuiken
</nobr>Viral attachment to the host cell is critical for tissue and<sup> </sup>species specificity of virus infections. Recently, pattern of<sup> </sup>viral attachment (PVA) in human respiratory tract was determined<sup> </sup>for highly pathogenic avian influenza virus of subtype H5N1.<sup> </sup>However, PVA of human influenza viruses and other avian influenza<sup> </sup>viruses in either humans or experimental animals is unknown.<sup> </sup>Therefore, we compared PVA of two human influenza viruses (H1N1<sup> </sup>and H3N2) and two low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (H5N9<sup> </sup>and H6N1) with that of H5N1 virus in respiratory tract tissues<sup> </sup>of humans, mice, ferrets, cynomolgus macaques, cats, and pigs<sup> </sup>by virus histochemistry.
We found that human influenza viruses<sup> </sup>attached more strongly to human trachea and bronchi than H5N1<sup> </sup>virus and attached to different cell types than H5N1 virus.<sup> </sup>These differences correspond to primary diagnoses of tracheobronchitis<sup> </sup>for human influenza viruses and diffuse alveolar damage for<sup> </sup>H5N1 virus. The PVA of low pathogenic avian influenza viruses<sup> </sup>in human respiratory tract resembled that of H5N1 virus, demonstrating<sup> </sup>that other properties determine its pathogenicity for humans.<sup> </sup>The PVA in human respiratory tract most closely mirrored that<sup> </sup>in ferrets and pigs for human influenza viruses and that in<sup> </sup>ferrets, pigs, and cats for avian influenza viruses.
Tract of Humans and Other Mammals
<nobr>Debby van Riel,</nobr> <nobr>Vincent J. Munster,</nobr> <nobr>Emmie de Wit,</nobr> <nobr>Guus F. Rimmelzwaan,</nobr> <nobr>Ron A.M. Fouchier,</nobr> <nobr>Albert D.M.E. Osterhaus,</nobr> and <nobr>Thijs Kuiken
</nobr>Viral attachment to the host cell is critical for tissue and<sup> </sup>species specificity of virus infections. Recently, pattern of<sup> </sup>viral attachment (PVA) in human respiratory tract was determined<sup> </sup>for highly pathogenic avian influenza virus of subtype H5N1.<sup> </sup>However, PVA of human influenza viruses and other avian influenza<sup> </sup>viruses in either humans or experimental animals is unknown.<sup> </sup>Therefore, we compared PVA of two human influenza viruses (H1N1<sup> </sup>and H3N2) and two low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (H5N9<sup> </sup>and H6N1) with that of H5N1 virus in respiratory tract tissues<sup> </sup>of humans, mice, ferrets, cynomolgus macaques, cats, and pigs<sup> </sup>by virus histochemistry.
We found that human influenza viruses<sup> </sup>attached more strongly to human trachea and bronchi than H5N1<sup> </sup>virus and attached to different cell types than H5N1 virus.<sup> </sup>These differences correspond to primary diagnoses of tracheobronchitis<sup> </sup>for human influenza viruses and diffuse alveolar damage for<sup> </sup>H5N1 virus. The PVA of low pathogenic avian influenza viruses<sup> </sup>in human respiratory tract resembled that of H5N1 virus, demonstrating<sup> </sup>that other properties determine its pathogenicity for humans.<sup> </sup>The PVA in human respiratory tract most closely mirrored that<sup> </sup>in ferrets and pigs for human influenza viruses and that in<sup> </sup>ferrets, pigs, and cats for avian influenza viruses.
