tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Hum Gene Ther
. 2021 Apr 15.
doi: 10.1089/hum.2021.052. Online ahead of print.
Current update on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development with a special emphasis on gene therapy viral vector design and construction for vaccination
Atil Bisgin[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Ahter D Sanlioglu[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Yunus E Eksi[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Thomas S Griffith[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Salih Sanlioglu[SUP] 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a newly emerging infectious disease (COVID-19) caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. To combat the devastating spread of SARS-CoV-2, extraordinary efforts from numerous laboratories have focused on the development of effective and safe vaccines. Traditional live-attenuated or inactivated viral vaccines are not recommended for immunocompromised patients as the attenuated virus can still cause disease via phenotypic or genotypic reversion. Subunit vaccines require repeated dosing and adjuvant use to be effective, and DNA vaccines exhibit lower immune responses. mRNA vaccines can be highly unstable under physiological conditions. On the other hand, naturally antigenic viral vectors with well-characterized structure and safety profile serve as among the most effective gene carriers to provoke immune response via heterologous gene transfer. Viral vector-based vaccines induce both an effective cellular immune response and a humoral immune response owing to their natural adjuvant properties via transduction of immune cells. Consequently, viral vectored vaccines carrying the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein have recently been generated and successfully used to activate cytotoxic T cells and develop a neutralizing antibody response. Recent progress in SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, with an emphasis on gene therapy viral vector-based vaccine development, is discussed in this review.
. 2021 Apr 15.
doi: 10.1089/hum.2021.052. Online ahead of print.
Current update on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development with a special emphasis on gene therapy viral vector design and construction for vaccination
Atil Bisgin[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Ahter D Sanlioglu[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Yunus E Eksi[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Thomas S Griffith[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Salih Sanlioglu[SUP] 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 33858231
- DOI: 10.1089/hum.2021.052
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a newly emerging infectious disease (COVID-19) caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. To combat the devastating spread of SARS-CoV-2, extraordinary efforts from numerous laboratories have focused on the development of effective and safe vaccines. Traditional live-attenuated or inactivated viral vaccines are not recommended for immunocompromised patients as the attenuated virus can still cause disease via phenotypic or genotypic reversion. Subunit vaccines require repeated dosing and adjuvant use to be effective, and DNA vaccines exhibit lower immune responses. mRNA vaccines can be highly unstable under physiological conditions. On the other hand, naturally antigenic viral vectors with well-characterized structure and safety profile serve as among the most effective gene carriers to provoke immune response via heterologous gene transfer. Viral vector-based vaccines induce both an effective cellular immune response and a humoral immune response owing to their natural adjuvant properties via transduction of immune cells. Consequently, viral vectored vaccines carrying the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein have recently been generated and successfully used to activate cytotoxic T cells and develop a neutralizing antibody response. Recent progress in SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, with an emphasis on gene therapy viral vector-based vaccine development, is discussed in this review.