tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Trop Med Int Health. 2016 Nov 27. doi: 10.1111/tmi.12820. [Epub ahead of print]
[h=1]Household-level risk factors for secondary influenza-like illness in a rural area of Bangladesh.[/h] Weaver AM[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP], Khatun-E-Jannat K[SUP]3[/SUP], Cercone E[SUP]1[/SUP], Krytus K[SUP]1[/SUP], Sohel BM[SUP]3[/SUP], Ahmed M[SUP]3[/SUP], Rahman M[SUP]3[/SUP], Azziz-Baumgartner E[SUP]4[/SUP], Yu J[SUP]1[/SUP], Fry AM[SUP]4[/SUP], Luby SP[SUP]3,[/SUP][SUP]5[/SUP], Ram PK[SUP]1[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]OBJECTIVE:[/h] To describe household-level risk factors for secondary Influenza-like illness (ILI), an important public health concern in the low-income population of Bangladesh.
[h=4]METHODS:[/h] Secondary analysis of control participants in a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effect of handwashing to prevent household ILI transmission. We recruited index-case patients with ILI-fever (<5 years); fever, cough or sore throat (≥5 years)-from health facilities, collected information on household factors, and conducted syndromic surveillance among household contacts for 10 days after resolution of index-case patients' symptoms. We evaluated the associations between household factors at baseline and secondary ILI among household contacts using negative binomial regression, accounting for clustering by household.
[h=4]RESULTS:[/h] Our sample was 1491 household contacts of 184 index-case patients. 71% reported that smoking occurred in their home, 27% shared a latrine with 1 other household, and 36% shared a latrine with >1 other household. A total of 114 household contacts (7.6%) had symptoms of ILI during follow-up. Smoking in the home (RR[SUB]adj[/SUB] 1.9, 95% CI 1.2, 3.0) and sharing a latrine with 1 household (RR[SUB]adj[/SUB] 2.1, 95% CI 1.2, 3.6) or >1 household (RR[SUB]adj[/SUB] 3.1, 95% CI 1.8-5.2) were independently associated with increased risk of secondary ILI.
[h=4]CONCLUSION:[/h] Tobacco use in homes could increase respiratory illness in Bangladesh. The mechanism between use of shared latrines and household ILI transmission is not clear. It is possible that respiratory pathogens could be transmitted through fecal contact or contaminated fomites in shared latrines. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] Air pollution; Bangladesh; Environmental Tobacco Smoke; Influenza; Respiratory Infections; Sanitation
PMID: 27889937 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12820
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
[h=1]Household-level risk factors for secondary influenza-like illness in a rural area of Bangladesh.[/h] Weaver AM[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP], Khatun-E-Jannat K[SUP]3[/SUP], Cercone E[SUP]1[/SUP], Krytus K[SUP]1[/SUP], Sohel BM[SUP]3[/SUP], Ahmed M[SUP]3[/SUP], Rahman M[SUP]3[/SUP], Azziz-Baumgartner E[SUP]4[/SUP], Yu J[SUP]1[/SUP], Fry AM[SUP]4[/SUP], Luby SP[SUP]3,[/SUP][SUP]5[/SUP], Ram PK[SUP]1[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]OBJECTIVE:[/h] To describe household-level risk factors for secondary Influenza-like illness (ILI), an important public health concern in the low-income population of Bangladesh.
[h=4]METHODS:[/h] Secondary analysis of control participants in a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effect of handwashing to prevent household ILI transmission. We recruited index-case patients with ILI-fever (<5 years); fever, cough or sore throat (≥5 years)-from health facilities, collected information on household factors, and conducted syndromic surveillance among household contacts for 10 days after resolution of index-case patients' symptoms. We evaluated the associations between household factors at baseline and secondary ILI among household contacts using negative binomial regression, accounting for clustering by household.
[h=4]RESULTS:[/h] Our sample was 1491 household contacts of 184 index-case patients. 71% reported that smoking occurred in their home, 27% shared a latrine with 1 other household, and 36% shared a latrine with >1 other household. A total of 114 household contacts (7.6%) had symptoms of ILI during follow-up. Smoking in the home (RR[SUB]adj[/SUB] 1.9, 95% CI 1.2, 3.0) and sharing a latrine with 1 household (RR[SUB]adj[/SUB] 2.1, 95% CI 1.2, 3.6) or >1 household (RR[SUB]adj[/SUB] 3.1, 95% CI 1.8-5.2) were independently associated with increased risk of secondary ILI.
[h=4]CONCLUSION:[/h] Tobacco use in homes could increase respiratory illness in Bangladesh. The mechanism between use of shared latrines and household ILI transmission is not clear. It is possible that respiratory pathogens could be transmitted through fecal contact or contaminated fomites in shared latrines. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] Air pollution; Bangladesh; Environmental Tobacco Smoke; Influenza; Respiratory Infections; Sanitation
PMID: 27889937 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12820
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]