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Hong Kong, CHP notified by NHFPC of human case of avian influenza A(H9N2) in Hunan (January 2 2014)

Giuseppe

Giuseppe

Emeritus
[Source: Centre for Health Protection, Hong Kong PRC SAR, full page: (LINK).]


CHP notified by NHFPC of human case of avian influenza A(H9N2) in Hunan


The Centre for Health Protection (CHP) of the Department of Health (DH) was notified by the National Health and Family Planning Commission today (January 2) of a human case of avian influenza A(H9N2) affecting a boy aged 7 in Hunan.

The patient, with poultry contact history, lived in Yongzhou, Hunan. He presented with fever and runny nose since November 19, 2013. He sought medical consultation from a hospital in Yongzhou the next day and recovered after treatment. This case was confirmed yesterday (January 1).

The CHP will liaise with the Mainland health authorities for more case details.

"We will remain vigilant and maintain liaison with the World Health Organization (WHO), the Mainland and overseas health authorities. Local surveillance activities will be modified according to the WHO's recommendations," the spokesman said.

"Travellers with fever or respiratory symptoms should immediately wear masks, seek medical attention and reveal their travel history to doctors," the spokesman advised.

Members of the public should remain vigilant and take heed of the preventive advice against avian influenza below:

  • Do not visit live poultry markets. Avoid contact with poultry, birds and their droppings. If contact has been made, thoroughly wash hands with soap;
  • Poultry and eggs should be thoroughly cooked before eating;
  • Wash hands frequently with soap, especially before touching the mouth, nose or eyes, handling food or eating; after going to the toilet or touching public installations or equipment (including escalator handrails, elevator control panels and door knobs); or when hands are dirtied by respiratory secretions after coughing or sneezing;
  • Cover the nose and mouth while sneezing or coughing, hold the spit with a tissue and put it into a covered dustbin;
  • Avoid crowded places and contact with fever patients; and
  • Wear masks when respiratory symptoms develop or when taking care of fever patients.
The public may visit the CHP's avian influenza page (www.chp.gov.hk/en/view_content/24244.html ) and website (www.chp.gov.hk/files/pdf/global_statistics_avian_influenza_e.pdf ) for more information on avian influenza-affected areas and provinces.


Ends/Thursday, January 2, 2014
Issued at HKT 21:11
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Re: Hong Kong, CHP notified by NHFPC of human case of avian influenza A(H9N2) in Hunan (January 2 2014)

Translation Google

Hunan boy diagnosed with H9N2 avian influenza virus infection has been cured and discharged

At 02:19 on January 4, 2014 Xiaoxiang Morning News
　　
Our reporter Liu Shaolong Changsha reported
　　
January 3, Hunan Department of Health announced on the official website, the recent Yongzhou routine monitoring of influenza specimens detected an influenza A virus, the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, further testing determined as H9N2 subtype of influenza A virus. Currently, the patient has healed, all close contacts exception does not appear. Earlier, Hong Kong has confirmed one case of human infection with the H9N2 avian influenza.
　　
Hunan confirmed cases have been discharged
　　
It is reported that patients diagnosed patients infected with H9N2 avian influenza virus is Yongzhou, a 7-year-old boy, had contact with live poultry, November 19 last year, fever and runny nose symptoms, Yongzhou next to a hospital for medical treatment, after was diagnosed with H9N2 avian influenza virus infection. Has been discharged.
　　
According to reports, H9N2 is the avian-borne, the last body was found mainly in birds over the past 10 years all over the world and only a few sporadic cases, most of them mild respiratory infection. New research found that sparrows and magpies with H9N2 virus and can spread.
　　
January 3, Hunan CDC Epidemic prevention specialist Dr. Liu Fuqiang introduced by the literature search, from 1998 onwards, Guangdong, China, Hong Kong, reporting at least 17 cases of human infection with the H9N2 bird flu cases, including 10 cases in Guangdong, Hong Kong 7 cases.
　　
December 30, 2013 Hong Kong H9N2 avian flu cases confirmed case of human infection. H9N2 avian influenza infection diagnosed 86-year-old Hong Kong man Shenzhen Luohu Huangbeiling Nagai, who suffers from high blood pressure and pulmonary air resistance. He was 28 December 2013 to Hong Kong via Lo Wu Control Point, as chills, cough with phlegm and other symptoms for help directly to North District Hospital by ambulance for treatment. December 30 Princess Margaret Hospital for isolation and treatment of infectious diseases center. Currently in a stable condition, but the source of infection is unknown.
　　
Prevent H9N2, mainly to achieve "four noes"

Liu Fuqiang said, H9N2 low pathogenic virus, there are no cases of human to human transmission. But World Health Organization has warned there is a potential H9N2 virus causing one of the six global pandemic.
　　
Liu Fuqiang said preventing H9N2, do four major daily life is not: people living birds do not mix, do not touch sick or dead poultry, not slaughter sick or dead poultry, do not eat sick or dead poultry.
　　
Should be purchased through the institution of animal epidemic prevention and quarantine supervision and poultry and their products; eating poultry, eggs should be thoroughly cooked, processed, stored food should pay attention when raw, cooked separately; dissected alive (dead) poultry and their products thoroughly Wash your hands.
　　
Birds found dead of unknown causes must be promptly reported to the agricultural sector; medical institutions found that when unexplained pneumonia cases should be promptly reported. Public, especially children, should avoid close contact with poultry and wild birds. If fever and respiratory symptoms should wear a mask, doctor as soon as possible, and remember to tell your doctor before the onset Have been to affected areas or history of contact with poultry.
　　
In addition, a healthy lifestyle for the prevention of the disease is very important. Usually should strengthen physical exercise, plenty of rest, avoid over exertion, pay attention to personal hygiene.

(Original title: Hunan confirmed H9N2 bird flu cases were discharged)
(Edit: SN098)

zhttp://news.sina.com.cn/c/2014-01-04/021929154465.shtml
 
Re: Hong Kong, CHP notified by NHFPC of human case of avian influenza A(H9N2) in Hunan (January 2 2014)

Previously I posted
Department of Health, HKSAR : H9N2 press releases from 1999-2013 - FluTrackers
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?t=215471
Not including the most recent cases as already posted on Flu trackers!

"January 3, Hunan CDC Epidemic prevention specialist Dr. Liu Fuqiang introduced by the literature search, from 1998 onwards, Guangdong, China, Hong Kong, reporting at least 17 cases of human infection with the H9N2 bird flu cases, including 10 cases in Guangdong, Hong Kong 7 cases."

I did a quick search of these documentated cases and here were my results

Documented Human cases in Southern Provinces in China/Hong Kong SAR

Intro:
Michael Greger, The Human/Animal Interface: Emergence and Resurgence
of Zoonotic Infectious Diseases
Clip:
"In Hong Kong survey studies in the late-1970s, H9N2 viruses were isolated from waterfowl but not from chickens (Shortridge 1982). The earliest H9N2 isolate in a terrestrial bird was discovered in Hong Kong quail in 1992 (Guo et al. 2000). By 1995, H9N2 was causing outbreaks of severe respiratory disease in chickens in China (Guo et al. 2000) and Korea (Mo et al. 1997) with mortality rates of 10?40%. Currently, H9N2 is widely enzootic in chickens in Eurasia (Xu et al. 2007) and has infected children in Hong Kong SAR in 1999 (Lin et al. 2000) and 2003
(Butt et al. 2005)."

http://www.moag.gov.il/NR/rdonlyres...dresurgenceofzoonosesCritRevMicrobiol2007.pdf

-----

Vincent C.C. Cheng, Jasper F.W. Chan, X. Wen, W.L. Wu, T.L. Que, H.
Chen, K.H. Chan, K.Y. Yuen Of Immunocompromised Human By Avian H9N2 Influenza A Virus, Journal of Infection, 10.1016/j.jinf.2011.02.007
http://www.journalofinfection.com/article/S0163-4453(11)00052-1/abstract

Table 1. Characteristic of patients infected with culture documented avian influenza H9N2
Case no (sex/age) Underlying disease and Clinical features, diagnosis, and significant laboratory findings, and (outcome) Date & place of diagnosis and (viral strain)

(Table 1. Cases 1-11)
* a city in Guangdong province, China
# probable exposure to poultry


1 (M/4) NM Acute respiratory disease (recovered) July 1998, Shantou*
(A/Shantou/217/98, H9N2)
Guo Y, Li J, Chang X, Wang M, Zhou Y, Li C, et al. Discovery of men infected by avian influenza A (H9N2) virus. Chinese J Exp Clin Virol 1999;13:105?108.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12569771

2 (F/1) NM Acute respiratory disease (recovered) August 1998, Shantou*
A/Shantou/239/98, H9N2)
Guo Y, Li J, Chang X, Wang M, Zhou Y, Li C, et al. Discovery of men infected by avian influenza A (H9N2) virus. Chinese J Exp Clin Virol 1999;13:105?108.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12569771


3 (F/36) NM Acute respiratory disease (recovered) August 1998, Shantou*
A/Shantou/252/98, H9N2)
Guo Y, Li J, Chang X, Wang M, Zhou Y, Li C, et al. Discovery of men infected by avian influenza A (H9N2) virus. Chinese J Exp Clin Virol 1999;13:105?108.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12569771


4 (M/1) NM Acute respiratory disease (recovered) August 1998, Shaoguan*
(A/shaoguan/402/98, H9N2)
Guo Y, Li J, Chang X, Wang M, Zhou Y, Li C, et al. Discovery of men infected by avian influenza A (H9N2) virus. Chinese J Exp Clin Virol 1999;13:105?108.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12569771


5 (M/75) NM Acute respiratory disease (recovered) August 1998, Shaoguan*
(A/shaoguan/408/98, H9N2)
Guo Y, Li J, Chang X, Wang M, Zhou Y, Li C, et al. Discovery of men infected by avian influenza A (H9N2) virus. Chinese J Exp Clin Virol 1999;13:105?108.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12569771


6 (F/4)# Mild eczema, asthma Fever (rectal temperature 38.9oC), malaise, anorexia, sore
throat, headache, abdominal pain, and vomiting;
Neutrophilia of 10.2x109/L (normal 1.5-8.5x109/L);
lymphopenia of 1.3x109/L (normal 2.0-8.5x109/L); Creactive
protein of 25.4 (normal <8mg/L); normalchest radiograph
(Fever subsided within 6 days and recovered without complication)
March 1999, Hong Kong Special administrative region, China
(A/HK/1073/99, H9N2)
Peiris M, Yuen KY, Leung CW, Chan KH, Ip PL, Lai RW, et al. Human infection
with influenza H9N2. Lancet 1999;354:916-7. Pages 916 - 917, 11 September 1999 doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(99)03311-5
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(99)03311-5/fulltext

and another case study described by

Timothy M. Uyeki, Yu-Hoi Chong, Jacqueline M. Katz, Wilina Lim, Yuk-Yin Ho, Sophia S. Wang, Thomas H.F. Tsang, Winnie Wan-Yee Au,? Shuk-Chi Chan, Thomas Rowe, Jean Hu-Primmer, Jensa C. Bell, William W. Thompson, Carolyn Buxton Bridges, Nancy J. Cox, Kwok-Hang Mak, and Keiji Fukuda, Lack of Evidence for Human-to- Human Transmission of Avian Influenza A (H9N2) Viruses in Hong Kong, China, 1999, Emerg. Infect. Dis. 8, 154? Emerging Infectious Diseases ? Vol. 8, No. 2, February 2002
http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/8/2/pdfs/01-0148.pdf


7 (F/1) Failure to thrive Fever (rectal temperature 39.9oC), coryza vomiting, poor appetite;
March 1999, Hong Kong Special administrative region,
Monocytosis of 2.22x109/L (normal <1.4x109/L);
Elevated aspartate aminotransferase of 60 IU/L (normal
<40 IU/L); normal chest radiograph;
co-culture of adenovirus type 3 in nasopharyngeal aspirates
(Fever subsided within 3 days and recovered without complication)
China
(A/HK/1074/99, H9N2)
Peiris M, Yuen KY, Leung CW, Chan KH, Ip PL, Lai RW, et al. Human infection
with influenza H9N2. Lancet 1999;354:916-7. Pages 916 - 917, 11 September 1999 doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(99)03311-5
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(99)03311-5/fulltext

and another case study described by

Timothy M. Uyeki, Yu-Hoi Chong, Jacqueline M. Katz, Wilina Lim, Yuk-Yin Ho, Sophia S. Wang, Thomas H.F. Tsang, Winnie Wan-Yee Au,? Shuk-Chi Chan, Thomas Rowe, Jean Hu-Primmer, Jensa C. Bell, William W. Thompson, Carolyn Buxton Bridges, Nancy J. Cox, Kwok-Hang Mak, and Keiji Fukuda, Lack of Evidence for Human-to- Human Transmission of Avian Influenza A (H9N2) Viruses in Hong Kong, China, 1999, Emerg. Infect. Dis. 8, 154?Emerging Infectious Diseases ? Vol. 8, No. 2, February 2002
http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/8/2/pdfs/01-0148.pdf



8 (F/2) NM Fever, cough, and bronchitis (recovered within 2 weeks) November 1999, Guangzhou*
(A/GZ/333/99, H9N2)
* a city in Guangdong province, China; # probable exposure to poultry
Guo Y, Xie J, Wang M, Dang J, Guo J, Zhang Y, et al. A strain of influenza A
H9N2 virus repeatedly isolated from human population in China. Chinese J Exp
Clin Virol 2000;14:209?212.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11498680



9 (M/5) Good health Fever (temperature 38.7oC) and cough;
Neutrophilia of 10.0x109/L (normal 1.5-8.5x109/L);
lymphopenia of 1.6x109/L (normal 2.0-8.5x109/L);
normal chest radiograph
(Fever subsided within 2 days and recovered without complication)
November 2003, Hong Kong
Special administrative region, China
(A/HK/2108/03, H9N2)
Peiris M, Yuen KY, Leung CW, Chan KH, Ip PL, Lai RW, et al. Human infection
with influenza H9N2. Lancet 1999;354:916-7. Pages 916 - 917, 11 September 1999 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10489954


10 (F/3)#
Initially good health
Afebrile, cough, nasal obstruction, and vomiting;
(Diagnosis of acute leukemia 4 days later)
December 2008, Hong Kong Special administrative region, China
Vincent C.C. Cheng, Jasper F.W. Chan, X. Wen, W.L. Wu, T.L. Que, H.
Chen, K.H. Chan, K.Y. Yuen Of Immunocompromised Human By Avian H9n2 Influenza A Virus, Journal of Infection, 10.1016/j.jinf.2011.02.007 ,
http://www.journalofinfection.com/article/S0163-4453(11)00052-1/abstract

11 (F/47)
Post blood marrow transplantation
Fever (temperature of 38.1oC), chills, cough, and increasing dyspnea; chest radiograph showed extensive bilateral interstitial infiltrates;
(Discharged in day 10 with long term oxygen supplement at home)
October 2009, Hong Kong
Special administrative region, China
(A/HK/464419/09)
Vincent C.C. Cheng, Jasper F.W. Chan, X. Wen, W.L. Wu, T.L. Que, H.
Chen, K.H. Chan, K.Y. Yuen Of Immunocompromised Human By Avian H9n2 Influenza A Virus, Journal of Infection, 10.1016/j.jinf.2011.02.007
http://www.journalofinfection.com/article/S0163-4453(11)00052-1/abstract



GenBank accession numbers genes and proteins of avian influenza A (H9N2) viruses isolated from 1997 to 2009 from humans. (Butt et al. 2010 NCBI search)

A/Hong Kong/1074/1997 - Nucleotide - NCBI
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/?term=A/Hong+Kong/1074/1997

A/Shantou/239/98 - Nucleotide - NCBI
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/?term=A/Shantou/239/98

A/Shaoguan/408/98 - Nucleotide - NCBI
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/?term=A/Shaoguan/408/98

A/Shaoguan/447/98 - Nucleotide - NCBI
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/?term=A/Shaoguan/447/98

A/Hong Kong/1073/99 (a) - Nucleotide - NCBI
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/?term=A/Hong+Kong/1073/99

Influenza A virus (A/Hong Kong/1074/99(H9N2)) np gene for nucleoprotei - Nucleotide - NCBI
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/8894684

Influenza A virus (A/Guangzhou/333/99(H9N2)) hemagglutinin gene, parti - Nucleotide - NCBI
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/21632599

A/HK/2108/2003 - Nucleotide - NCBI
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/?term=A/HK/2108/2003

(A/Hong Kong/3239/2008 - Nucleotide - NCBI
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/?term=(A/Hong+Kong/3239/2008

A/Hong Kong/33982/2009 (b) - Nucleotide - NCBI
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/?term=A/Hong+Kong/33982/2009

Influenza A virus (A/Hong Kong/35820/2009(H9N2)) segment 4 sequence - Nucleotide - NCBI
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/287029356

(a) A(H9N2) Available vaccine virus (G1 Clade; WHO report, 2010)
(b) A(H9N2) Proposed vaccine virus (G1 Clade; WHO report, 2010)
see
Butt et al. and others (2010) ,Avian influenza A (H9N2): computational molecular analysis and phylogenetic characterization of viral surface proteins isolated between 1997 and 2009 from the human population, Published online 2010 November 15. Virol J. 2010; 7: 319. doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-7-319
Avian influenza A (H9N2): computational molecular analysis and phylogenetic characterization of viral surface proteins isolated between 1997 and 2009 from the human population
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2994543/

Phylogenetic relationships of HA genes in H9N2 influenza viruses isolated from humans between 1997 and 2009.

Phylogenetic relationships of NA genes in H9N2 influenza viruses isolated from humans between 1997 and 2009.


----
Y. P. Lin, and others, Avian-to-human transmission of H9N2 subtype influenza A viruses: Relationship between H9N2 and H5N1 human isolates, Y. P. Lin, 9654?9658, doi: 10.1073/pnas.160270697
http://www.pnas.org/content/97/17/9654.full#ref-list-1




Zhao M, Liu Q, Sun Q, Zhang W, Zhao G, Gu M, Wang X, Hu S, Liu X, Liu X. 2013. Full genome sequence of a natural reassortant H9N2 avian influenza virus isolated from domestic ducks in Jiangsu Province, China. Genome Announc. 1(4):e00463-13. doi:10.1128/genomeA.00463-13.
http://genomea.asm.org/content/1/4/e00463-13.full.pdf+html


----
Wan H, Sorrell EM, Song H, Hossain MJ, Ramirez-Nieto G, et al. (2008) Replication and Transmission of H9N2 Influenza Viruses in Ferrets: Evaluation of Pandemic Potential. PLoS ONE 3(8): e2923. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002923
http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0002923
 
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