Highly pathogenic avian influenza, Cambodia (OIE, July 28 2011): 1 New Wild Birds Outbreak

[Giuseppe]

[Source: OIE, full page: (LINK). Edited.]

Highly pathogenic avian influenza, Cambodia


Information received on 28/07/2011 from Dr Sen Sovann, Deputy Secretary General , Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries , Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries , Phnom Penh, Cambodia

• Summary
  • Report type Immediate notification (Final report)
  • Start date 13/07/2011
  • Date of first confirmation of the event 18/07/2011
  • Report date 26/07/2011
  • Date submitted to OIE 28/07/2011
  • Date event resolved 25/07/2011
  • Reason for notification Reoccurrence of a listed disease
  • Date of previous occurrence 01/10/2010
  • Manifestation of disease Clinical disease
  • Causal agent Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
  • Serotype H5N1
  • Nature of diagnosis Suspicion, Clinical, Laboratory (basic), Necropsy
  • This event pertains to a defined zone within the country
• New outbreaks
  • Outbreak 1 (304/11) - Phnom Tamao zoo, Trapang Sap, Bati, TAKEO
    • Date of start of the outbreak 13/07/2011
    • Outbreak status Resolved (25/07/2011)
    • Epidemiological unit Not applicable
    • Affected animals: Species ? Susceptible ? Cases ? Deaths ? Destroyed ? Slaughtered
      • Wild species - ? - 29 ? 19 ? 10 ? 0
      • Affected Population:
        • It is a rescue center providing feed to wild birds to prevent undernourishment.
        • The area where wild birds gather in the zoo is about one hectare with several ponds of limited size and one pond about 5,000 m2.
        • Every evening 2 workers distribute fish on the bank of this big pond to provide supplement diet to the wild birds.
        • This distribution of feed is done from June to December, during the rainy season because wild birds are numerous to pass through of the zoo.
        • The origin of these birds is not clear; possibly they come from Tonle Sap River.
• Summary of outbreaks
  • Total outbreaks: 1
  • Outbreak statistics: Species - Apparent morbidity rate - Apparent mortality rate - Apparent case fatality rate - Proportion susceptible animals lost*
    • Wild species ? ** ? ** - 65.52% ? **
    • * Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter
    • ** Not calculated because of missing information
• Epidemiology
  • Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection
    • Unknown or inconclusive
• Epidemiological comments
  • On 13 July 2011, in the morning, a worker found 11 dead wild birds around different ponds and 3 birds dead in the quarantine.
  • The carcasses were buried and TH4 was sprayed everywhere. The veterinarian indicated that Newcastle or fowl cholera were originally suspected.
  • On 14 July 2011, 3 dead birds and 10 sick birds were found; symptoms were immobility, wings down, severe depression. The sick birds were culled. Two carcasses were sent to the National Veterinary Research Institute (NaVRI).
  • On 15 July 2011, 2 dead birds were found and buried.
  • On 16 July 16 2011, no new mortality was observed.
  • On 18 July 2011 the result of test by NaVRI confirmed positive H5N1. The investigation team from NaVRI with the cooperation of the Phnom Tamao zoo veterinary conducted an investigation in the zoo and carried out surveillance in neighboring village near the zoo from 19-25 July 2011.
• Control measures
  • Measures applied
    • Quarantine
    • Movement control inside the country
    • Zoning
    • Disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s)
    • Dipping / Spraying
    • Vaccination prohibited
    • No treatment of affected animals
  • Measures to be applied
    • No other measures
• Diagnostic test results
  • Laboratory name and type National Veterinary Research Institute (NaVRI) (National laboratory)
    • Tests and results: Species ? Test - Test date ? Result
      • Wild species - inoculation test - 18/07/2011 ? Positive
      • Wild species - real-time PCR - 18/07/2011 ? Positive
• Future Reporting
  • The event is resolved. No more reports will be submitted.

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[Giuseppe]

Re: Highly pathogenic avian influenza, Cambodia (OIE, July 28 2011): 1 New Wild Birds Outbreak

See also at this thread for the WHO/FluNet table of influenza virus isolates for week 29/2011 (http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?t=171299 ).

Among the virus isolated around the world, FluNet indicates 1 A/H5 virus from Cambodia. Further details about this human case of avian influenza virus infection is awaited.

It will be also interesting to see whether there is an epidemiological connection between the A/H5N1 outbreak in the Cambodian wild birds zoo and this case.