tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Heliyon
. 2022 Jul;8(7):e09863.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09863. Epub 2022 Jul 2.
Robust SARS-COV-2-specific T-cell immune memory persists long-term in immunocompetent individuals post BNT162b2 double shot
Anastasia Papadopoulou[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fani Stavridou[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Maria Giannaki[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kiriaki Paschoudi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fani Chatzopoulou[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Eleni Gavriilaki[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Grigorios Georgolopoulos[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Achilles Anagnostopoulos[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Evangelia Yannaki[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: A robust efficiency of mRNA vaccines against coronavirus disease-2019 has been demonstrated, however, the intended long-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 has been challenged by the waning humoral and cellular immunity over time, leading to a third vaccination dose recommendation for immunocompetent individuals, six months after completion of primary mRNA vaccination.
Methods: We here measured humoral responses via an immunoassay measuring SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and T-cell responses using Elispot for interferon-γ 1- and 8- months post full BNT162b2 vaccination, in 10 health-care professionals. To explore whether the declining abundance of coronavirus-specific T-cells (CoV-2-STs) truly reflects decreased capacity for viral control, rather than the attenuating viral stimulus over time, we modeled ex vivo the T-cellular response upon viral challenge in fully vaccinated immunocompetent individuals, 1- and 8-months post BNT162b2.
Findings: Notwithstanding the declining CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies and CoV-2-STs, re-challenged CoV-2-STs, 1- and 8-months post vaccination, presented similar functional characteristics including high cytotoxicity against both the unmutated virus and the delta variant.
Interpretation: These findings suggest robust and sustained cellular immune response upon SARS-CοV-2 antigen exposure, 8 months post mRNA vaccination, despite declining CοV-2-STs over time in the presence of an attenuating viral stimulus.
Keywords: COVID-19; Ex vivo model; Humoral immune response; SARS-CoV-2; SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells; T cell immune response.
. 2022 Jul;8(7):e09863.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09863. Epub 2022 Jul 2.
Robust SARS-COV-2-specific T-cell immune memory persists long-term in immunocompetent individuals post BNT162b2 double shot
Anastasia Papadopoulou[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fani Stavridou[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Maria Giannaki[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kiriaki Paschoudi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fani Chatzopoulou[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Eleni Gavriilaki[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Grigorios Georgolopoulos[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Achilles Anagnostopoulos[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Evangelia Yannaki[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35815135
- PMCID: PMC9250414
- DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09863
Abstract
Background: A robust efficiency of mRNA vaccines against coronavirus disease-2019 has been demonstrated, however, the intended long-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 has been challenged by the waning humoral and cellular immunity over time, leading to a third vaccination dose recommendation for immunocompetent individuals, six months after completion of primary mRNA vaccination.
Methods: We here measured humoral responses via an immunoassay measuring SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and T-cell responses using Elispot for interferon-γ 1- and 8- months post full BNT162b2 vaccination, in 10 health-care professionals. To explore whether the declining abundance of coronavirus-specific T-cells (CoV-2-STs) truly reflects decreased capacity for viral control, rather than the attenuating viral stimulus over time, we modeled ex vivo the T-cellular response upon viral challenge in fully vaccinated immunocompetent individuals, 1- and 8-months post BNT162b2.
Findings: Notwithstanding the declining CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies and CoV-2-STs, re-challenged CoV-2-STs, 1- and 8-months post vaccination, presented similar functional characteristics including high cytotoxicity against both the unmutated virus and the delta variant.
Interpretation: These findings suggest robust and sustained cellular immune response upon SARS-CοV-2 antigen exposure, 8 months post mRNA vaccination, despite declining CοV-2-STs over time in the presence of an attenuating viral stimulus.
Keywords: COVID-19; Ex vivo model; Humoral immune response; SARS-CoV-2; SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells; T cell immune response.