Emily
Editor, Senior Moderator
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2013EO200011/abstract
Chapman, Clark R., and David Morrison. "Impacts on the Earth by asteroids and comets: assessing the hazard." Nature 367.6458 (1994): 33-40.
http://schillerlab.bio-toolkit.com/media/pdfs/2010/03/16/367033a0.pdfBalcerak, E. (2013), Global fires after asteroid impact probably caused mass extinction, Eos Trans. AGU, 94(20), 188.
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About 66 million years ago, a mountain-sized asteroid hit what is now the Yucatan in Mexico at exactly the time of the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) mass extinction. Evidence for the asteroid impact comes from sediments in the K-Pg boundary layer, but the details of the event, including what precisely caused the mass extinction, are still being debated
Chapman, Clark R., and David Morrison. "Impacts on the Earth by asteroids and comets: assessing the hazard." Nature 367.6458 (1994): 33-40.
Of course, there is perhaps a much more serious indirect threat from small impacts: misidentification of an asteroid airburst could trigger an inappropriate military response from a nuclear power in a times of international tension...