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Ghana investigates bird flu case

Re: Ghana investigates bird flu case

Ghana halts poultry exports after H5N1 outbreak

Thu 3 May 2007, 12:15 GMT
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By Kwaku Sakyi-Addo
ACCRA, May 3 (Reuters) - Ghana halted poultry exports and began farm-to-farm checks around the capital Accra on Thursday, a day after the West African country declared its first outbreak of the highly pathogenic H5N1 bird flu.
Several countries in West Africa have had outbreaks of the disease among poultry, and the worst-hit, Nigeria, reported sub-Saharan Africa's only confirmed human death from H5N1 early this year.
"We've veterinary officers going from farm to farm to check for signs of the disease," Mensah Agyen-Frempong, director of veterinary services in Ghana, told Reuters.
"If there are any suspicious birds we'll conduct tests. If they test positive, we'll destroy them."
Health authorities detected a case of bird flu on a poultry farm at Tema, Ghana's main port city 18 km (11 miles) east of Accra. All 1,678 birds on the farm -- mostly chickens and a few ducks -- were incinerated to control the disease.
At least 200 million birds have died or been culled because of the H5N1 strain as it has spread from Asia around much of the world in recent years.
The first case in Africa was detected in poultry in Nigeria in early 2006, and outbreaks were subsequently confirmed in Ghana's neighbours Ivory Coast and Burkina Faso as well as nearby Niger and Cameroon.
The global human death toll stands at 172.
Experts are worried weak human and animal health services in sub-Saharan Africa may allow the virus to go unnoticed, giving it more chance to mutate into a form that could pass between people and trigger a human pandemic.
Agyen-Frempong said poultry exports, mostly day-old chicks from hatcheries in the central city of Kumasi being shipped to neighbouring countries, had been halted.
"For now no birds are going in and no birds are coming out ... No country would want birds from here anyway. But imports are permissible from countries which are certified to be free from avian influenza," he said.

http://africa.reuters.com/wire/news/usnL038610.html
 
Re: Ghana investigates bird flu case

<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" bgColor=lightyellow border=0><TBODY><TR><TD colSpan=3 height=45><TABLE width="90%" align=center border=0><TBODY><TR><TD align=left width="60%">EDITORIAL</TD><TD align=right width="40%">Back </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR><TR bgColor=lightyellow><TD width="2%"> </TD><TD vAlign=top width="96%" height=105><!--news starts--><TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0><TBODY><TR><TD>Let's Contain Bird Flu
(5/3/2007) </TD></TR><TR><TD align=justify>
It is unfortunate that the bird flu has been detected in the Tema area of the Greater Accra Region. Certainly the outbreak will inflict pain and uneasiness among poultry farmers in the area.

However, it is our humble submission that the farmers should not panic, even though we empathise with them, since the destruction of their birds means the loss of investment.

It is expected that the surveillance mechanism has worked assiduously to ward off the outbreak when it occurred in Nigeria and Burkina Faso.

At that time, there was massive anxiety that our poultry farmers would be affected by the outbreak, but adequate safeguards were instituted to ward off the disease.

Between 2003 and April 2007, 291 cases of bird flu were reported globally, with 172 deaths.

Happily, the flu does not jump easily to humans and so it is important that the necessary precautions are taken, so that people do not suffer from the consequences of being contaminated with the disease.

Whatever the situation, we take consolation from the fact that the farmers did not try to sell the affected birds to unsuspecting customers with the view to recouping what would otherwise be lost.

As a nation, it is unfortunate that just when we are struggling to put the poultry sub-sector into good shape, we should be confronted with the problem of bird flu.

Over the years, there have been persistent calls that the poultry industry should be put on a high pedestal so that the country?s protein requirement would be met to reduce cases of malnourishment, especially among our children.

Many questions have been asked as to why, as an agricultural country, we are unable to produce enough poultry and poultry products such as eggs which can help effectively in the school feeding programme, for instance.

There is no justification why the country has not been able to produce enough maize, the largest component in the poultry industry, apart from fish meal.

Whatever our problems may be, the issue is that the bird flu is here with us and we have to take every step to contain its spread.

This will call for unalloyed co-operation from all those who will be tasked to deal with the situation. The general public should be well educated to be on the alert as to what to do.

The greatest co-operation would have to come from poultry farmers in the affected area, since it may happen that their birds would have to be destroyed.

It is our considered opinion that when the situation is brought under control, the affected farmers would be given some form of support to enable them to go back to the industry.
</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
http://www.graphicghana.info/article.asp?artid=16627
 
Re: Ghana investigates bird flu case

<table width="100%"><tbody><tr><td>English</td> <td align="right">PDF reports</td></tr> <tr> <td>Fran?ais</td> <td align="right">Rapports PDF</td></tr> <tr> <td>Espa?ol</td> <td align="right">informes PDF</td></tr></tbody></table> Highly pathogenic avian influenza, Ghana
Information received on 03/05/2007 from Mr Mensah Agyen-Frempong, , Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Director, Veterinary Services Department, ACCRA, Ghana
Summary
<table class="rep_table" border="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Report type</td> <td class="rep_data">Immediate notification</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Start date</td> <td class="rep_data">14/04/2007</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Date of confirmation of event</td> <td class="rep_data">28/04/2007</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Report date</td> <td class="rep_data">03/05/2007</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Date submitted to OIE</td> <td class="rep_data">03/05/2007</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Reason for notification</td> <td class="rep_data">First occurrence of a listed disease</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Manifestation of disease</td> <td class="rep_data">Clinical disease</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Causal agent</td> <td class="rep_data">Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus type A</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Serotype</td> <td class="rep_data">H5N1</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Nature of diagnosis</td> <td class="rep_data">Suspicion, Clinical, Laboratory (basic), Necropsy</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Report pertains to</td> <td class="rep_data">Entire country</td></tr></tbody></table> New outbreaks <table class="rep_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_item_ob" width="200">Summary of outbreaks</td> <td class="rep_data_ob">Total outbreaks: 1</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Outbreak Location</td> <td class="rep_data">
  • GREATER ACCRA (KAKASUNANKA, TEMA MUNICIPAL)
</td></tr><tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Total animals affected</td> <td> <table class="rep_sub_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Species</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="16%">Susceptible</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="16%">Cases</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="16%">Deaths</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="16%">Destroyed</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="16%">Slaughtered</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Birds</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">2391</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">447</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">447</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">1944</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">0</td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr><tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Outbreak statistics</td> <td class="rep_data"> <table class="rep_sub_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Species</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Apparent morbidity rate</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Apparent mortality rate</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Apparent case fatality rate</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Proportion susceptible removed* </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Birds</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">18.70%</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">18.70%</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">100.00%</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">100.00%</td></tr></tbody></table>* Removed from the susceptible population either through death, destruction or slaughter</td></tr></tbody></table>
Epidemiology <table class="rep_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Source of infection</td> <td class="rep_data">
  • Unknown or inconclusive
</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Epidemiological comments</td> <td class="rep_data">Samples have been sent to OIE Reference Laboratory in Padova (Italy) on 2 May 2007. Results are pending.</td></tr></tbody></table>
Control measures <table class="rep_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Measures already applied</td> <td class="rep_data">
  • Movement control inside the country
  • Disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s)
  • Quarantine
  • Modified stamping out
  • Vaccination prohibited
  • No treatment of affected animals
</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Measures to be applied</td> <td class="rep_data">
  • Zoning
</td></tr></tbody></table>
Diagnostic test results <table class="rep_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Laboratory name and type</td> <td class="rep_data">Accra veterinary laboratory (National laboratory)</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Tests and results</td> <td> <table class="rep_sub_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="35%">Species</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="40%">Test</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="15%">Test date</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="10%">Result</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Birds</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">haemagglutination (HA) test</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">28/04/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positive</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Birds</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">haemagglutination inhibition test (HIT)</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">28/04/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positive</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Laboratory name and type</td> <td class="rep_data">Accra Veterinary Laboratory (National laboratory)</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Tests and results</td> <td> <table class="rep_sub_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="35%">Species</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="40%">Test</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="15%">Test date</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="10%">Result</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Birds</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">rapid tests</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">25/04/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positive</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Laboratory name and type</td> <td class="rep_data">Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (National laboratory)</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Tests and results</td> <td> <table class="rep_sub_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="35%">Species</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="40%">Test</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="15%">Test date</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="10%">Result</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Birds</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">reverse transcription ? polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">29/04/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positive</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>



Influenza aviar altamente pat?gena, Ghana
Informaci?n recibida el 03/05/2007 desde Mr Mensah Agyen-Frempong, , Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Director, Veterinary Services Department, ACCRA, Ghana
Resumen
<table class="rep_table" border="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Tipo de informe</td> <td class="rep_data">Notificaci?n inmediata</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Fecha de inicio</td> <td class="rep_data">14/04/2007</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Fecha de la confirmaci?n del evento</td> <td class="rep_data">28/04/2007</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Fecha del informe</td> <td class="rep_data">03/05/2007</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Fecha de envio del informe a la OIE</td> <td class="rep_data">03/05/2007</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Motivo de la notificaci?n</td> <td class="rep_data">Aparici?n por primera vez de una enfermedad de la Lista de la OIE</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Manifestaci?n de la enfermedad</td> <td class="rep_data">Enfermedad cl?nica</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Agente causal</td> <td class="rep_data">Virus de la influenza aviar altamente pat?gena de tipo A</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Serotipo</td> <td class="rep_data">H5N1</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Naturaleza del diagn?stico</td> <td class="rep_data">Sospecha, Cl?nico, Pruebas b?sicas de laboratorio (ej. parasitolog?a, bacteriolog?a, micolog?a, histopatolog?a), Necropsia</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Informe referido a</td> <td class="rep_data">Por todo el pa?s</td></tr></tbody></table> Nuevos focos <table class="rep_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_item_ob" width="200">Resumen de los focos</td> <td class="rep_data_ob">N?mero total de focos: 1</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Localizaci?n del foco</td> <td class="rep_data">
  • GREATER ACCRA (KAKASUNANKA, TEMA MUNICIPAL)
</td></tr><tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">N?mero total de animales afectados</td> <td> <table class="rep_sub_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Especies</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="16%">Susceptibles</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="16%">Casos</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="16%">Muertos</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="16%">Destruidos</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="16%">Sacrificados</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Aves</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">2391</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">447</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">447</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">1944</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">0</td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr><tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Estad?stica del foco</td> <td class="rep_data"> <table class="rep_sub_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Especies</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Tasa de morbilidad aparente</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Tasa de mortalidad aparente</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Tasa de fatalidad aparente</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Proporci?n de animales susceptibles eliminados* </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Aves</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">18.70%</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">18.70%</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">100.00%</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">100.00%</td></tr></tbody></table>* Eliminada desde la poblaci?n ya sea por muerte, destrucci?n o sacrificio</td></tr></tbody></table>
Epidemiolog?a <table class="rep_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Fuente de infecci?n</td> <td class="rep_data">
  • Desconocida o no concluyente
</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Otros detalles epidemiol?gicos / comentarios</td> <td class="rep_data">El 2 de mayo de 2007 se enviaron muestras al laboratorio de referencia de la OIE en Padua (Italia). Se esperan los resultados.</td></tr></tbody></table>
Medidas de Control <table class="rep_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Medidas ya aplicadas</td> <td class="rep_data">
  • Restricci?n de los movimientos en el interior del pa?s
  • Desinfecci?n de ?reas infectadas
  • Cuarentena
  • Sacrificio sanitario parcial
  • Vacunaci?n prohibida
  • Ning?n tratamiento de los animales afectados
</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Medidas a ser aplicadas</td> <td class="rep_data">
  • Zonificaci?n
</td></tr></tbody></table>
Resultados de las pruebas diagn?sticas <table class="rep_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Nombre y tipo de laboratorio</td> <td class="rep_data">Instituto Noguchi Memorial de investigaci?n m?dica (Laboratorio nacional)</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Pruebas y resultados</td> <td> <table class="rep_sub_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="35%">Especies</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="40%">Prueba</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="15%">Fecha de la prueba</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="10%">Resultados</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Aves</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">haemagglutination (HA) test</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">28/04/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positivo</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Aves</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">haemagglutination inhibition test (HIT)</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">28/04/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positivo</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Aves</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">rapid tests</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">25/04/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positivo</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Aves</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">reverse transcription ? polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">29/04/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positivo</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Nombre y tipo de laboratorio</td> <td class="rep_data">Laboratorio veterinario de Accra (Laboratorio nacional)</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Pruebas y resultados</td> <td> <table class="rep_sub_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="35%">Especies</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="40%">Prueba</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="15%">Fecha de la prueba</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="10%">Resultados</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Aves</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">haemagglutination (HA) test</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">28/04/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positivo</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Aves</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">haemagglutination inhibition test (HIT)</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">28/04/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positivo</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Aves</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">rapid tests</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">25/04/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positivo</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Aves</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">reverse transcription ? polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">29/04/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positivo</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>



Influenza aviaire hautement pathog?ne, Ghana
Information re?ue le 03/05/2007 de Mr Mensah Agyen-Frempong, , Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Director, Veterinary Services Department, ACCRA, Ghana
R?sum?
<table class="rep_table" border="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Type de rapport</td> <td class="rep_data">Notification imm?diate</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Date de d?but</td> <td class="rep_data">14/04/2007</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Date de confirmation de l'?v?nement</td> <td class="rep_data">28/04/2007</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Date du rapport</td> <td class="rep_data">03/05/2007</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Date d'envoi ? l'OIE</td> <td class="rep_data">03/05/2007</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Raison de notification</td> <td class="rep_data">Apparition pour la premi?re fois d?une maladie appartenant ? la liste de l'OIE</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Manifestation de la maladie</td> <td class="rep_data">Maladie clinique</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Agent causal</td> <td class="rep_data">Virus de l'influenza aviaire hautement pathog?ne de type A</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">S?rotypes</td> <td class="rep_data">H5N1</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Nature du diagnostic</td> <td class="rep_data">Suspicion, Clinique, Tests ?l?mentaires en laboratoire (i.e. parasitologie, bact?riologie, mycologie, histopathologie), Necropsie</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Ce rapport concerne</td> <td class="rep_data">Tout le pays</td></tr></tbody></table> Nouveaux foyers <table class="rep_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_item_ob" width="200">R?capitulatif des foyers</td> <td class="rep_data_ob">Nombre total de foyers : 1</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Localisation du foyer</td> <td class="rep_data">
  • GREATER ACCRA (KAKASUNANKA, TEMA MUNICIPAL)
</td></tr><tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Nombre total d'animaux atteints</td> <td> <table class="rep_sub_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Esp?ce(s)</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="16%">Sensibles</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="16%">Cas</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="16%">Morts</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="16%">D?truits</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="16%">Abattus</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Oiseaux</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">2391</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">447</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">447</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">1944</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">0</td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr><tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Statistiques sur le foyer</td> <td class="rep_data"> <table class="rep_sub_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Esp?ce(s)</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Taux de morbidit? apparent</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Taux de mortalit? apparent</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Taux de fatalit? apparent</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="20%">Animaux sensibles perdus* </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Oiseaux</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">18.70%</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">18.70%</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">100.00%</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">100.00%</td></tr></tbody></table>* D?duit de la population sensible, soit pour cause de mort, de destruction ou d'abattage</td></tr></tbody></table>
Epid?miologie <table class="rep_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Source de l?infection</td> <td class="rep_data">
  • Inconnue ou incertaine
</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Autres renseignements ?pid?miologiques / Commentaires</td> <td class="rep_data">Des ?chantillons ont ?t? envoy?s au laboratoire de r?f?rence de l'OIE ? Padoue (Italie) le 2 mai 2007. Les r?sultats sont attendus.</td></tr></tbody></table>
Mesures de lutte <table class="rep_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Mesure de lutte appliqu?es</td> <td class="rep_data">
  • Restriction des d?placements ? l'int?rieur du pays
  • D?sinfection des ?tablissements infect?s
  • Quarantaine
  • Abattage sanitaire partiel
  • Vaccination interdite
  • Aucun traitement des animaux atteints
</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Mesures de lutte devant ?tre appliqu?es</td> <td class="rep_data">
  • Zonage
</td></tr></tbody></table>
R?sultats des tests de diagnostics <table class="rep_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Nom du laboratoire et type</td> <td class="rep_data">Institut m?morial de Noguchi pour la recherche m?dicale (Laboratoire national)</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Tests et r?sultats</td> <td> <table class="rep_sub_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="35%">Esp?ce(s)</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="40%">Test</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="15%">Date du test</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="10%">R?sultat</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Oiseaux</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">haemagglutination (HA) test</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">28/04/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positif</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Oiseaux</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">haemagglutination inhibition test (HIT)</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">28/04/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positif</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Oiseaux</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">rapid tests</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">25/04/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positif</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Oiseaux</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">reverse transcription ? polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">29/04/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positif</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Nom du laboratoire et type</td> <td class="rep_data">Laboratoire v?t?rinaire d'Accra (Laboratoire national)</td></tr> <tr> <td class="rep_item" width="200">Tests et r?sultats</td> <td> <table class="rep_sub_table" border="0" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="35%">Esp?ce(s)</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="40%">Test</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="15%">Date du test</td> <td class="rep_sub_item" width="10%">R?sultat</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Oiseaux</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">haemagglutination (HA) test</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">28/04/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positif</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Oiseaux</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">haemagglutination inhibition test (HIT)</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">28/04/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positif</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Oiseaux</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">rapid tests</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">25/04/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positif</td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td class="rep_sub_data">Oiseaux</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">reverse transcription ? polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">29/04/2007</td> <td class="rep_sub_data">Positif</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>



OIE Animal Health Information Department
Departamento de Informaci?n Sanitaria de la OIE
Service de l?information sanitaire de l'OIE
information.dept@oie.int
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Re: Ghana investigates bird flu case

Suspected bird flu case in Ghana linked to smuggled birds from Nigeria Investigation is underway in Ghana?s port city of Tema over reports of the outbreak of bird flu, the country?s Veterinary Services Department of the Ministry of Food and Agriculture has said.

The department says even though initial checks in some outlets in city suggest it might be bird flu, a more in-depth assessment will be needed to draw definite conclusion on the matter. According to ministry sources a blood specimen is being made ready for analysis at the World Health Organisation?s laboratories in Italy.

Some local observers are already blaming the situation on smuggled life birds from Nigeria. Though the government of Ghana banned the importation of poultry products from Nigeria since the first case was reported in Kano, they say the products have continued to be smuggled into the country?s market.

?If it is true that there is bird flu in Tema, you can be sure it came from Nigeria. We have one of the most porous borders in the world and I just hope it would not create a serious problem for us,? Eric Dancquah, a businessman in the Kwame Nkrumah Circle area of Accra told Black Britain.

However, Ghana?s neighbour, Cote d?Ivoire has also been identified as a likely source of the flu. Ghana?s ban on the importation of poultry products also includes other African countries where outbreak of the avian influenza has been previously reported including Burkina Faso, Cote d?Ivoire, Egypt and Niger.

Although more than 300 people are reported to have contracted the H5N1 virus worldwide, experts point out that cross-infection to humans is still relatively rare, and usually occurs where people have been in close contact with infected birds. The dominant form of transmission is very much from bird to bird. This implies that the big economic impact of the disease in its current form is in the poultry business.

The flu has the potential to devastate the livelihoods of many millions on small farms that produce poultry, along with the few larger scale poultry operations that country has. Agriculture and food production account for a larger share of the Ghanaian economy, so losses to poultry farmers could have a significant impact on the macro economy.

A four-day sensitisation forum was held last month in the Kintampo South District of the Brong Ahafo region of the country to sensitise 45 assembly members and heads of department on the avian influenza. The forum, organized by the district?s Agricultural Development Unit of the Ministry of Food and Agriculture, was to educate participants to keep surveillance on the disease and help in its prevention.

Apart from the loss of incomes that bird flu brings, there is also a cost for governments - and aid donors - in trying to tackle it. The World Bank says the key to containing the economic cost of bird flu is rapid effective action. :tiphat:
http://www.blackbritain.co.uk/news/details.aspx?i=2438&c=africa
 
Re: Ghana investigates bird flu case

treyfish said:
Suspected bird flu case in Ghana linked to smuggled birds from Nigeria Investigation is underway in Ghana?s port city of Tema over reports of the outbreak of bird flu, the country?s Veterinary Services Department of the Ministry of Food and Agriculture has said.

The department says even though initial checks in some outlets in city suggest it might be bird flu, a more in-depth assessment will be needed to draw definite conclusion on the matter. According to ministry sources a blood specimen is being made ready for analysis at the World Health Organisation?s laboratories in Italy.

Some local observers are already blaming the situation on smuggled life birds from Nigeria. Though the government of Ghana banned the importation of poultry products from Nigeria since the first case was reported in Kano, they say the products have continued to be smuggled into the country?s market.

?If it is true that there is bird flu in Tema, you can be sure it came from Nigeria. We have one of the most porous borders in the world and I just hope it would not create a serious problem for us,? Eric Dancquah, a businessman in the Kwame Nkrumah Circle area of Accra told Black Britain.

However, Ghana?s neighbour, Cote d?Ivoire has also been identified as a likely source of the flu. Ghana?s ban on the importation of poultry products also includes other African countries where outbreak of the avian influenza has been previously reported including Burkina Faso, Cote d?Ivoire, Egypt and Niger.

Although more than 300 people are reported to have contracted the H5N1 virus worldwide, experts point out that cross-infection to humans is still relatively rare, and usually occurs where people have been in close contact with infected birds. The dominant form of transmission is very much from bird to bird. This implies that the big economic impact of the disease in its current form is in the poultry business.

The flu has the potential to devastate the livelihoods of many millions on small farms that produce poultry, along with the few larger scale poultry operations that country has. Agriculture and food production account for a larger share of the Ghanaian economy, so losses to poultry farmers could have a significant impact on the macro economy.

A four-day sensitisation forum was held last month in the Kintampo South District of the Brong Ahafo region of the country to sensitise 45 assembly members and heads of department on the avian influenza. The forum, organized by the district?s Agricultural Development Unit of the Ministry of Food and Agriculture, was to educate participants to keep surveillance on the disease and help in its prevention.

Apart from the loss of incomes that bird flu brings, there is also a cost for governments - and aid donors - in trying to tackle it. The World Bank says the key to containing the economic cost of bird flu is rapid effective action. :tiphat:
http://www.blackbritain.co.uk/news/details.aspx?i=2438&c=africa
Click to expand...
It's not H5N1 (even though it has been confirmed in 3 labs and OIE report has been filed), but if it is, it is smuggled H5N1.

Sounds familiar.
 
Re: Ghana investigates bird flu case

GHANA: Poultry culled after first bird flu infection reported

04 May 2007 16:26:12 GMT

Source: IRIN

Reuters and AlertNet are not responsible for the content of this article or for any external internet sites. The views expressed are the author's alone.

TEMA, 4 May 2007 (IRIN) - Ghana has begun a mass culling of poultry after the country's National Veterinary Laboratory said it had detected the nation's first infection with the deadly H5N1 strain of avian influenza.

At least 1,678 chickens were destroyed after a reportedly infected chicken was discovered on a small poultry farm in the port city of Tema, 20km east of the capital, Accra, officials said on Thursday.

Samples taken from the bird are being tested at the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) and Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Reference Laboratory in Padua, Italy, FAO spokesman Erwin Northoff told IRIN on Friday.

The FAO commended the Ghanaian government for acting quickly in notifying the Ghanaian population about the reported infection, as well as the international community.

"They are transparent about it, which is good," Northoff said.

International health officials fear avian influenza could mutate into a strain that is transmissible between humans, causing a worldwide pandemic that could claim millions of lives. The illness has so far killed 172 people.

To stem the possible spread of avian flu among its poultry, Ghana has banned the export of its birds pending further investigation. Other West African countries that have been infected are neighbouring C?te d'Ivoire and Burkina Faso, as well as Nigeria, Cameroon and Niger.

In January Nigeria reported its first human death from avian flu. It is the only human death known to have occurred in sub-Saharan Africa thus far.

Ghanaian officials have temporarily closed all live bird markets in and around Tema. "We have quarantined the entire affected area to ensure that the virus does not spread," Agriculture Minister Earnest Debrah told reporters on Wednesday.

At the same time he sought to quell people's fears. "There is no need to panic or fear poultry," he said.

Local poultry farmers are concerned their livelihoods will be destroyed. Erick Neequaye said officials culled 700 birds valued at about US$1,200 at his small farm.

"I was confused," he said after learning that his birds were to be culled. "I did not believe it when they said I will have to abandon my farm and that they were going to destroy all my birds. First I resisted but then I realised they were serious. Then I felt like dying."

Neequaye makes the equivalent of about $25 per day. He said he is waiting for Ghanaian officials to pay him compensation for his culled poultry. The Agriculture Ministry said farmers would be paid 50-90 percent of the market value for their destroyed birds.

Officials also said they were sending a task force around the country to test poultry for possible avian flu infection.

http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/IRIN/4edec16213524c8515c6bf9f9c7ee9a5.htm
 
Re: Ghana investigates bird flu case

<CENTER>Dormaa poultry farmers not deterred by bird flu

</CENTER><SCRIPT type=text/javascript><!--google_ad_client = "pub-1385374189532140";google_ad_width = 120;google_ad_height = 600;google_ad_format = "120x600_as";google_alternate_ad_url = "http://www.ghanaweb.com/banner/fastclick.120.600.php";google_ad_type = "text_image";google_ad_channel ="3635577887";google_hints="call ghana cheap phone calls long distance international calling cards send money transfer";google_color_border = "CCCCCC";google_color_bg = "FFFFFF";google_color_link = "000000";google_color_url = "666666";google_color_text = "333333";//--></SCRIPT><SCRIPT src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js" type=text/javascript></SCRIPT> Dormaa-Ahenkro (B/A), May 5, GNA - Contrary to expectations Dormaa-Ahenkro, the hub of the poultry industry in the country, last Wednesday received reports of the appearance of the Avian Influenza (Bird Flu) in Tema with relative calm.

Investigations conducted by Ghana News Agency revealed that poultry farmers and dealers in poultry products in the Dormaa District were going about their businesses with little or no sign of anxiety. Dr. Agyemang Kontor, the Dormaa District Director of the Ministry of Food and Agriculture (MOFA), attributed the calmness to the sustained public education by his outfit, the district assembly and identifiable groups since the bird flu scare last year.

"The intensity of the message, coupled with pragmatic steps taken by the government including an indefinite ban on the importation of poultry products contributed immensely to the prevention process until the Tema incident", he said.

Dr. Kontor said his office, the district assembly and a special task force monitored the strict compliance to the ban to ensure that neither the bird flu found its way into the district or public confidence in poultry products waned.

He said following the Tema incident, the district's agricultural officers had been ordered to disengage from all other activities and concentrate on a 24-hour surveillance on all poultry and wild birds in the district.

Dr. Kontor appealed to the public not to hesitate in reporting to the veterinary department any dead bird in the community or bush and appealed to the two poultry farmers' associations in the district to advise their members not to engage in practices that had the potential to disrupt the prevention process.

Mr. Adama Musa, the National Best Poultry farmer, said the success of the fight against the flu depended largely on the will of the operators in the industry.

"The public, especially traders, will do the industry a lot of service if they, as a matter of necessity, halt the transportation and sale or use of egg crates that can be a source of the spread of the virus and other contagious diseases", he added.

Mr Musa appealed to his colleagues to minimize inter-farm visits and to follow systematically the concept of bio-security both at their farm gates and within the farms.

Mr. Chou-en-Lai Paul Ankomah, chairman of the special task force, assured stakeholders that the committee would discharge its duties without fear or favour.

"The bird flu issue is a national concern with numerous rippling effects on the economy and we shall not relent in efforts to uncover any recalcitrant group or individual in order to keep the flu at bay", Mr. Ankomah said.:tiphat: http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=123565
 
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