tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Virulence. 2013 Jul 16;4(6). [Epub ahead of print]
Genetic changes that accompanied shifts of low pathogenic avian influenza viruses toward higher pathogenicity in poultry.
Abdelwhab ES, Veits J, Mettenleiter TC.
Source
Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut; Federal Research Institute for Animal Health; Institute of Molecular Biology; Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
Abstract
Avian influenza viruses (AIV) of H5 and H7 subtypes exhibit two different pathotypes in poultry: infection with low pathogenic (LP) strains results in minimal, if any, health disturbances, whereas highly pathogenic (HP) strains cause severe morbidity and mortality. LPAIV of H5 and H7 subtypes can spontaneously mutate into HPAIV. Ten outbreaks caused by HPAIV are known to have been preceded by circulation of a predecessor LPAIV in poultry. Three of them were caused by H5N2 subtype and seven involved H7 subtype in combination with N1, N3, or N7. Here, we review those outbreaks and summarize the genetic changes which resulted in the transformation of LPAIV to HPAIV under natural conditions. Mutations that were found directly in those outbreaks are more likely to be linked to virulence, pathogenesis, and early adaptation of AIV.
KEYWORDS:
avian influenza virus, poultry, proteolytic cleavage site, virulence determinants
PMID:
23863606
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Free full text
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23863606
Genetic changes that accompanied shifts of low pathogenic avian influenza viruses toward higher pathogenicity in poultry.
Abdelwhab ES, Veits J, Mettenleiter TC.
Source
Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut; Federal Research Institute for Animal Health; Institute of Molecular Biology; Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
Abstract
Avian influenza viruses (AIV) of H5 and H7 subtypes exhibit two different pathotypes in poultry: infection with low pathogenic (LP) strains results in minimal, if any, health disturbances, whereas highly pathogenic (HP) strains cause severe morbidity and mortality. LPAIV of H5 and H7 subtypes can spontaneously mutate into HPAIV. Ten outbreaks caused by HPAIV are known to have been preceded by circulation of a predecessor LPAIV in poultry. Three of them were caused by H5N2 subtype and seven involved H7 subtype in combination with N1, N3, or N7. Here, we review those outbreaks and summarize the genetic changes which resulted in the transformation of LPAIV to HPAIV under natural conditions. Mutations that were found directly in those outbreaks are more likely to be linked to virulence, pathogenesis, and early adaptation of AIV.
KEYWORDS:
avian influenza virus, poultry, proteolytic cleavage site, virulence determinants
PMID:
23863606
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Free full text
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23863606