Re: General Indonesian News - 23 June 2008 +
Re: General Indonesian News - 23 June 2008 +
Post 153: Here is the whole thing:
Don't let the inflammation of the lungs to the child. When being not handled, big the possibility crept and became inflamed of the cerebral membrane (meningitis). Pneumonia or the inflammation of the lungs (the lung infection) was the inflammation or the infection to the lungs that involved some or the two lung parts. Generally this inflammation was caused by the microbe like the virus, the bacteria, the fungus, and other. One of the causes of pneumonia was the Streptococcus bacteria pneumoniae, normally was mentioned pneumokokus. Pneumokokus could cause the difficult illness in the baby and pre-schoolers. Apart from pneumonia, this bacteria could also cause sepsis and meningitis.
Pneumonia including the infection kind that happened in alveoli, small balloons that were gotten to the lungs that became the place of the exchange of gas, with the pain figure and the high death. Said by Dr. Soedjatmiko, Sp.A (K), Ms, pneumonia became the biggest killer to children. "Pneumonia also was forgotten killer the forgotten killing alias," said the specialist grew the child's flower from FKUI/RSCM this. Dr. Soedjatmiko said thus because the proportion of the reporting of the illness was not as great as the other illness, like bird flu. The death rate resulting from the pneumonia illness around 5-7 percent, depended his territory. Approximately 10-20 percent were accompanied by the bacteria that spread to blood and caused sepsis or bakteremia.
"Pneumonia happened germs time entered the lungs headed alveoli." Then, happened the process of the inflammation inside bronkiolus and alveoli, said Dr. Muljono Wirjodiarjo, Sp.A, Ph.D, the child's specialist from RS Internasional Bintaro. At the time of alveoli and bronkiolus was filled up the liquid inflamasi, emerged the disturbance of ventilation and the exchange of gas. Then, happened hipoksia (not all that oxygen) and hiperkapnia (the carbon dioxide surplus in blood), that finally had made the patient breathless. When being not handled immediately, could cause the problem. Was different from the child who experienced pneumonia was and heavy that must receive the maintenance inap in the hospital, to the child with minor pneumonia, the maintenance action could be carried out by his family in the house.
However, it was stressed Dr. Muljono, this was valid when the environment, like the comfortable bedroom, clean, free from the trigger factor of the irritation and the allergy. The child was given was enough the liquid, food, medicine, especially antibiotika, in accordance with the guidance of the doctor. Parents monitored the change that happened. Generally the pneumonia sufferer who was caused bakeri showed the response was good towards antibiotika. This response was shown through the temperature of the body descended, more was easy to breathe, the movement was increasingly active, could have drunk and eaten more. Nevertheless, sometimes the sign of the cough was still continuing several days or several weeks. Unfortunately, according to Dr. Soedjatmiko, immunity against antibiotika has been very fast. The "bacteria pneumokokus was immune to antibiotika penicillin," said this FKUI specialist doctor of the graduate's child.
This caused the death rate as a result of pneumonia was still being very high. On the other hand, pneumonia that was caused by the virus not all that showed the response was good towards antibiotika, so as restoration will happen in stages. "Possibly in a period of between 2-4 weeks," he said. Pneumonia viral that did not show the response was good towards medical treatment could cause the decline in protracted body resistance. This could cause the secondary infection opportunity by the bacteria, like the measles sufferer who afterwards was attacked by pneumonia bakterial. Perburukan could be seen in the clinical sign and laboratoris, the sign emergence of the complication, was needed medikasi in addition like antibiotika the second line and the medicine for the system kardiovaskular, therapy suportif like oxygen, glucose, electrolytes, monitoring the respiratory system and kardiovaskular, as well as breath aids.
Cramps tengkuk Pneumonia that was not handled well could cause the complication like the lungs to leak because of germs, the abscess in the lungs, the liquid emergence or pus in the cavity in the pleura, happened as well as entered and the growth of germs or the virus in blood. One of the effects that possibly happened from the complication, that is meningitis. Meningitis was the inflammation of the membrane that covered the network of the brain and corda spinalis. Usually was begun from pneumonia that was not handled well, so as germs went to the brain. In the mature age young, that happens usually meningitis viral. The death rate resulting from meningitis to the child could reach 30 percent. Moreover, in Mataram, NTB, added Dr. Soedjatmiko, the death rate reached 35-45 percent.
"Meningitis bakterial that could threaten the life someone and needed medical treatment immediately, more often attacked children, especially the age" of "pre-schoolers," said Dr. Nita Ratna Dewanti, Sp.A, the child's specialist from RS Internasional Bintaro. The based study of the hospital in RS Sanglah, Bali, showed the incidence from meningitis bakteremia to the child under the age two years around 76-80.3 percent. Compared with viral, meningitis bakterial that was caused pneumococcus, meningoccus, Haemophilus influenzae the B type (Hib) tended more serious with the risk of the death. When the life, still was having the possibility of having the sign of the remnants like the defect, paralysis, deaf, epilepsy, the decline in the intelligentsia, hidrosefalus, palsi serebral, vegetatif, and retardation (retardation) bounced.
His clinical sign developed fast, often only in time several hours. To the baby, the sign meningitis took the form of the fever, cramps in tengkuk, fussy, restless, was difficult to eat, cried continued, weak, the intensity of the interaction decreased, and ubun-ubun membenjol. To the child, the sign meningitis that was general happened was feverish, cramps in tengkuk, had a headache, nausea, confused, the attack suddenly, did not like the clear light, ruam on all over the body, and the decline in the awareness. The maintenance action was carried out in space treated intensive. "If to the baby was acknowledged as NICU or neonatal intensive care the unit, children in the TRIGGER or pediatric intensive care the unit," explained Dr. Nita. To them also was carried out by the laboratory inspection and culture of blood.
According to Dr. Nita, to the sufferer will be taken the liquid through the back to be bred in order to knows the bacteria that infected. So, when medicine that was given yet exact, could be adapted. Must vaksinasi To prevent the incident meningitis bakterial, the child must be given by the routine vaccination like the Hib vaccination, Pneumokokus, and BCG. Imunisasi pneumokokus for the baby and pre-schoolers will reduce the figure of the illness incident pneumokokus, including pneumonia. Now the vaccination towards the virus mumps, rubella, said Dr. Nita, could prevent the child from meningitis the virus.
Said by Prof. Igbal Ahmad Memon from Dow Medical College and Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, in the United States, giving PCV-7 (Pneumococcal Conjugated Vaccine 7) that entered the immunisation schedule of the routine in 2000, reduced the incident figure pneumokokus to 98 percent. Now in Asia, giving PCV-7 could prevent 57-91 percent of the case of the illness pneumokokus invasif to age children under two years. That was significant, like was said Prof. Iqbal, "Pencegahan continue to better than cured." Recognise Penyakitnya 1. Beginning with the family circle. So that the child does not find it easy to be affected by pneumonia, better carry out efforts along with. ? Lingkungan the house must be healthy and hygienic. ? Pola of the healthy life, like the maintenance of the body, including the maintenance of the mouth and teeth. ? Lakukan the immunisation according to schedule. ? Prioritaskan the immunisation of the foundation for the baby. The immunisation of the foundation and the other immunisation available since long ago has included the protection for most respiratory tract illnesses, including pneumonia.
?
Vaksin just that circled at this time often was not useful if the immunisation of the foundation was not yet equipped. The immunisation with the vaccine just was the immunisation of the addition to the immunisation of the foundation.
2. Knew the characteristics of the child since early when having the indication of pneumonia.
? Adakah the deviation or the sign that was caused by the excessive sensitivity, especially to skin, the channel system dissolved, the system channel-breath, the irritation, the allergy, and the infection. ? Pola of the sensitivity of the foundling changed in accordance with the age increase and the condition for the environment. ? the Level of the sensitivity could also change in accordance with the situation and the condition, was begun from being easy be hit by, the sign occurred again, the sign increasingly serious, in fact to normally the alias not reacted.
3. Know the risk factor of the child towards pneumonia, like:
? Anak from the smoker's environment and the user of illegal drugs. ? Anak with the structure deviation of the chest or the lungs. ? Anak was born premature or the weight was born low (BBLR). ? Anak with the nutrient not all that like malanutrisi and busung hungry. ? Anak with the immune system deficiency. ? Anak with the allergic talent. ? Anak with the disturbance of the awareness. ? Anak with the disturbance of the function swallowed because of the structure deviation of anatomy to nostrils, the cavity in the mouth, and kerongkongan with the ceiling deviation. ? Anak with the disturbance of the function swallowed because of the nerves deviation and or the muscle like to the child with palsi serebral. ? Anak with the disturbance of the function of the cough or the use of loud cough medicine. ? Anak with the channel deviation dissolved. ? Anak with the genetic deviation like the syndrome down. ? Anak that was suffering the respiratory tract infection resulting from the virus or damaging germs the respiratory tract membrane like the measles. ? Anak that was receiving radiation therapy or chemotherapy,
4. Know the sign of pneumonia.
? Gejala of early: pilek, the cough, pain during swallowed. ? Gejala systemic: hot, often sweated, shivered, raved. ? Gejala of breathing: the fast breath, the crowded breath, asthma, groaned, blue to the lip, the nail, fingertips, sunken ribs, the breath of the nose earlobe, henti the breath. ? Gejala other: nausea-vomited, chest pain, stomach pain, not appetite, limp, restless, restless, the disturbance of the awareness.
Treated the child with serious pneumonia in the house was the same the effectiveness with treated in the hospital. Was like this results of the research in Pakistan by the expert from Boston University School of Public Health was supported by WHO as well as USAID (the US Agency for International Development), that was published in the medical The Lancet journal, last January. The research involved 2,037 children with difficult pneumonia that randomly was given antibiotik suntik in the hospital and the pill antibiotik in the house. This test was that was first to compare results of the maintenance of the hospital in difficult pneumonia with the based maintenance of the house. Results, the security and efikasi on the handling of the patient with antibiotik oral in the house. In the research, there were 87 (8.6 percent) the failure of the handling in the group that was treated in the hospital and 77 (7.5 percent) in the group that was treated in the house. From five children (0.2 percent) that died for the research, four came from the hospital group and one of the house groups.
The "strong influence from these results was very big," said Dr. Shamim Qazi, Medical Officer Department of Child and Adolescent Health Development WHO. Could treat the child with difficult pneumonia safely and effectively in the house will give the big benefit for the family and the health system by reducing the requirement entered the hospital. His vaccine of Memang Masih Mahal One last age, the vaccination became the progress was very spectacular in the prevention of the illness in the child. In the 1960 's, the illness smallpox (a kind of smallpox) very dangerous and claimed the life of two million children every year. With the discovery of the vaccine, this figure far decreased in 1979.
Afterwards in the 1980 's, there were approximately 300 thousand cases of polio. However, with the vaccination, in 2002 only had approximately 2,000 cases per his year. The decline in the drastic case. One of the vaccinations that began to be recommended at this time was pneumokokus. Love, this vaccine was not yet often known by the community. In fact, as being said by Dr. Sukman Tulus Putra, Sp.A (K), pneumokokus was the very deadly illness. In the world, this illness caused one million deaths to the child per his year. "And most cases were in Indonesia," said IDAI Pusat General Chairman this. The immunisation pneumokokus, that was mentioned also pneumoeoccal saccharide conjugated vaccine (PCV-7), became efforts to rescue the child. This immunisation will give the right for the child to live and continue the life in the future. Also became the method that was very effective in the prevention of the illness pneumokokus.
Was not ignored, still many obstacles in giving of this immunisation. In several Indonesian territories, the implementation of the immunisation experienced the hindrance because of access, that geographically, was difficult to be covered. The community also did not yet receive information that was true about the vaccination. That also often became consideration was the immunisation needed the big cost. For the vaccine pneumokokus, very much suntik his cost around Rp 800 thousand as far as Rp 1 million-an. Was needed around four injection times, during the baby aged 2, 4, 6, and 12 or 15 months to receive his benefit. In fact, added Prof. Lulu C. Bravo, Asian Strategic Alliance for Pneumococeal Disease Prevention Chairman (the SMOKE), when the vaccination pneumakokus began to spread, his cost could be pressed. Prof. Lulu that also the head of the Anak Infection in College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila, told the similar incident in the hepatitis vaccination of B. Sekitar in 1988, the B cost of the hepatitis vaccine revolved 100 dollar. Because of the user of this vaccine increasingly many, currently his price only 30 penny! "Nah, this could also happen to the vaccine pneumokokus." It is not impossible that, the vaccine that his price 50-100 dollar per this dose could shrink, he said.
http://cyberwoman.cbn.net.id/cbprtl/Cyberwoman/detail.aspx?x=Mother And Baby&y=Cyberwoman|0|0|8|1395
D ) that I translated. I think that was the all time high for translation from one article.