tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Gene
. 2025 Oct 7:149798.
doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2025.149798. Online ahead of print. Evolutionary dynamics of Influenza A/ H3N2 virus in India from 2009 to 2023
Varsha Potdar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Anam Dhawlarker[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Veena Vipat[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Satish Gaikwad[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Payal Kelkar[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Sheetal Jadhav[SUP] 2 [/SUP], M L Choudhary[SUP] 2 [/SUP], S Bhardwaj[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Neetu Vijay[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Nivedita Gupta[SUP] 3 [/SUP]; VRDL Laboratory network
Collaborators, Affiliations
The influenza virus, with its propensity for rapid genetic evolution, remains a formidable global public health challenge. In particular, the H3N2 subtype of the Influenza A virus is known for its ability to continuously evolve, making it an ongoing concern for public health. To gain insights into the epidemiological dynamics of H3N2 in India, a comprehensive phylogenetic and phylogeographic analysis was conducted spanning the years 2009 to 2023. We analyzed 518 HA gene sequences from India (2009-2023), integrating 462 publicly available and 56 newly generated sequences from 19 different states in India (2018-2023). Bayesian phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses revealed continuous H3N2 evolution in India since the mid-1990 s with an evolutionary rate of 4.95 × 10[SUP]-3[/SUP] substitutions/site/year (R[SUP]2[/SUP] = 0.95). The most recent common ancestor for Indian H3N2 sequences dated to 1995 (95 % HPD: 1992-2001), with 2023 strains predominantly belonging to clade 2a.3a.1 (characterized by I140K mutation) showing close match with WHO-recommended vaccine strains A/Darwin/6/2021.
Keywords: Epidemiology; H3N2; Hemagglutinin; India; Influenza; Molecular evolution; Phylogenetic analysis.
. 2025 Oct 7:149798.
doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2025.149798. Online ahead of print. Evolutionary dynamics of Influenza A/ H3N2 virus in India from 2009 to 2023
Varsha Potdar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Anam Dhawlarker[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Veena Vipat[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Satish Gaikwad[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Payal Kelkar[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Sheetal Jadhav[SUP] 2 [/SUP], M L Choudhary[SUP] 2 [/SUP], S Bhardwaj[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Neetu Vijay[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Nivedita Gupta[SUP] 3 [/SUP]; VRDL Laboratory network
Collaborators, Affiliations
- PMID: 41067552
- DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2025.149798
The influenza virus, with its propensity for rapid genetic evolution, remains a formidable global public health challenge. In particular, the H3N2 subtype of the Influenza A virus is known for its ability to continuously evolve, making it an ongoing concern for public health. To gain insights into the epidemiological dynamics of H3N2 in India, a comprehensive phylogenetic and phylogeographic analysis was conducted spanning the years 2009 to 2023. We analyzed 518 HA gene sequences from India (2009-2023), integrating 462 publicly available and 56 newly generated sequences from 19 different states in India (2018-2023). Bayesian phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses revealed continuous H3N2 evolution in India since the mid-1990 s with an evolutionary rate of 4.95 × 10[SUP]-3[/SUP] substitutions/site/year (R[SUP]2[/SUP] = 0.95). The most recent common ancestor for Indian H3N2 sequences dated to 1995 (95 % HPD: 1992-2001), with 2023 strains predominantly belonging to clade 2a.3a.1 (characterized by I140K mutation) showing close match with WHO-recommended vaccine strains A/Darwin/6/2021.
Keywords: Epidemiology; H3N2; Hemagglutinin; India; Influenza; Molecular evolution; Phylogenetic analysis.