tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Front Immunol
. 2025 Mar 12:16:1533050.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1533050. eCollection 2025. Pulmonary lymphoid tissue induced after SARS-CoV-2 infection in rhesus macaques
Zhong-Min Ma[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Katherine J Olstad[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Koen K A Van Rompay[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Smita S Iyer[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Christopher J Miller[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], J Rachel Reader[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Introduction: Lung diseases are widespread worldwide. Pulmonary immunity plays a vital role against lung pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2 infection. Understanding the pathogenesis, including the development of local immune responses to infection, is fundamental for developing interventions to control the viral infection.
Methods: Using immunohistochemistry, we investigated the distribution of immune cells in the lungs of rhesus macaques experimentally infected with SARS-CoV-2 and euthanized 11-14 days later.
Results: Tertiary lymphoid tissue was found in all SARS-CoV-2 infected animals. The number (13.9 vs 1.5 iPLT number/ lung cm[SUP]2[/SUP]), size (25992 vs 13946 µm[SUP]2[/SUP]) and total area (0.46 vs 0.02 mm[SUP]2[/SUP] iPLT/ lung cm[SUP]2[/SUP]) of the lymphoid tissue aggregations were significantly higher in SARS-CoV-2 infected animals than that of normal controls. This induced pulmonary lymphoid tissues comprised B cells, T cells, CD169 macrophages, and follicular dendritic cells with evidence of lymphocyte priming and differentiation.
Discussion: The results suggest local immunity plays an important role in the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further study of pulmonary immunity could lead to new interventions to develop vaccine strategies and discover new immune-regulatory biomarkers in monitoring and controlling SARS-CoV-2 infection and other lung diseases.
Keywords: CD169; SAR-CoV-2; animal model; immune response; pulmonary mucosa associated lymphoid tissue; respiratory viral infection.
. 2025 Mar 12:16:1533050.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1533050. eCollection 2025. Pulmonary lymphoid tissue induced after SARS-CoV-2 infection in rhesus macaques
Zhong-Min Ma[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Katherine J Olstad[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Koen K A Van Rompay[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Smita S Iyer[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Christopher J Miller[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], J Rachel Reader[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 40145084
- PMCID: PMC11937022
- DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1533050
Introduction: Lung diseases are widespread worldwide. Pulmonary immunity plays a vital role against lung pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2 infection. Understanding the pathogenesis, including the development of local immune responses to infection, is fundamental for developing interventions to control the viral infection.
Methods: Using immunohistochemistry, we investigated the distribution of immune cells in the lungs of rhesus macaques experimentally infected with SARS-CoV-2 and euthanized 11-14 days later.
Results: Tertiary lymphoid tissue was found in all SARS-CoV-2 infected animals. The number (13.9 vs 1.5 iPLT number/ lung cm[SUP]2[/SUP]), size (25992 vs 13946 µm[SUP]2[/SUP]) and total area (0.46 vs 0.02 mm[SUP]2[/SUP] iPLT/ lung cm[SUP]2[/SUP]) of the lymphoid tissue aggregations were significantly higher in SARS-CoV-2 infected animals than that of normal controls. This induced pulmonary lymphoid tissues comprised B cells, T cells, CD169 macrophages, and follicular dendritic cells with evidence of lymphocyte priming and differentiation.
Discussion: The results suggest local immunity plays an important role in the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further study of pulmonary immunity could lead to new interventions to develop vaccine strategies and discover new immune-regulatory biomarkers in monitoring and controlling SARS-CoV-2 infection and other lung diseases.
Keywords: CD169; SAR-CoV-2; animal model; immune response; pulmonary mucosa associated lymphoid tissue; respiratory viral infection.