tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Front Immunol
. 2023 Dec 20:14:1306604.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1306604. eCollection 2023. Pediatric humoral immune responses and infection risk after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and two-dose vaccination during SARS-CoV-2 omicron BA.5 and BN.1 variants predominance in South Korea
Hyun-Woo Choi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Chiara Achangwa[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Joonhong Park[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Sun Min Lee[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Nan Young Lee[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Chae-Hyeon Jeon[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Jeong-Hwa Choi[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Hyun Kyung Do[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jeong-Hyun Nam[SUP] 7 [/SUP], June-Woo Lee[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Byoungguk Kim[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Sukhyun Ryu[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 2 [/SUP], Seung-Jung Kee[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 6 8 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Background: Humoral immune responses and infection risk after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination during the Omicron BA.5 and BN.1 variants predominant period remains unexplored in pediatric population.
Methods: We examined anti-spike (anti-S) immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses in a total of 986 children aged 4-18 years who visited outpatient clinics between June 2022 and January 2023, with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection alone, completed two doses of COVID-19 vaccination alone, vaccine-breakthrough infection (i.e., infection after the single dose of vaccination), and no antigenic exposure. Furthermore, to determine SARS-CoV-2 infection risk, the incidence of newly developed SARS-CoV-2 infection was investigated up to March 2023.
Results: The anti-S IgG levels in the 'vaccine-breakthrough infection' group exceeded those in the 'infection alone' and 'vaccination alone' groups (both P <0.01). Furthermore, the 'vaccination alone' group experienced more rapid anti-S IgG waning than the 'infection alone' and 'vaccine-breakthrough infection' groups (both P <0.01). We could not identify newly developed SARS-CoV-2 infection in the 'vaccine-breakthrough infection' group.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that hybrid immunity, acquired from SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination, was a potentially higher and longer-lasting humoral immune response and protected against SARS-CoV-2 infection in pediatric population during Omicron BA.5 and BN.1 variants predominant.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; antibody response; child; hybrid immunity; vaccine.
. 2023 Dec 20:14:1306604.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1306604. eCollection 2023. Pediatric humoral immune responses and infection risk after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and two-dose vaccination during SARS-CoV-2 omicron BA.5 and BN.1 variants predominance in South Korea
Hyun-Woo Choi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Chiara Achangwa[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Joonhong Park[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Sun Min Lee[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Nan Young Lee[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Chae-Hyeon Jeon[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Jeong-Hwa Choi[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Hyun Kyung Do[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jeong-Hyun Nam[SUP] 7 [/SUP], June-Woo Lee[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Byoungguk Kim[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Sukhyun Ryu[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 2 [/SUP], Seung-Jung Kee[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 6 8 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 38193075
- PMCID: PMC10773891
- DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1306604
Background: Humoral immune responses and infection risk after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination during the Omicron BA.5 and BN.1 variants predominant period remains unexplored in pediatric population.
Methods: We examined anti-spike (anti-S) immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses in a total of 986 children aged 4-18 years who visited outpatient clinics between June 2022 and January 2023, with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection alone, completed two doses of COVID-19 vaccination alone, vaccine-breakthrough infection (i.e., infection after the single dose of vaccination), and no antigenic exposure. Furthermore, to determine SARS-CoV-2 infection risk, the incidence of newly developed SARS-CoV-2 infection was investigated up to March 2023.
Results: The anti-S IgG levels in the 'vaccine-breakthrough infection' group exceeded those in the 'infection alone' and 'vaccination alone' groups (both P <0.01). Furthermore, the 'vaccination alone' group experienced more rapid anti-S IgG waning than the 'infection alone' and 'vaccine-breakthrough infection' groups (both P <0.01). We could not identify newly developed SARS-CoV-2 infection in the 'vaccine-breakthrough infection' group.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that hybrid immunity, acquired from SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination, was a potentially higher and longer-lasting humoral immune response and protected against SARS-CoV-2 infection in pediatric population during Omicron BA.5 and BN.1 variants predominant.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; antibody response; child; hybrid immunity; vaccine.