tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Front Immunol
. 2020 Sep 10;11:565521.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.565521. eCollection 2020.
Neurological Damage by Coronaviruses: A Catastrophe in the Queue!
Ritu Mishra[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Akhil C Banerjea[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Neurological disorders caused by neuroviral infections are an obvious pathogenic manifestation. However, non-neurotropic viruses or peripheral viral infections pose a considerable challenge as their neuropathological manifestations do not emerge because of primary infection. Their secondary or bystander pathologies develop much later, like a syndrome, during and after the recovery of patients from the primary disease. Massive inflammation caused by peripheral viral infections can trigger multiple neurological anomalies. These neurological damages may range from a general cognitive and motor dysfunction up to a wide spectrum of CNS anomalies, such as Acute Necrotizing Hemorrhagic Encephalopathy, Guillain-Barr? syndrome, Encephalitis, Meningitis, anxiety, and other audio-visual disabilities. Peripheral viruses like Measles virus, Enteroviruses, Influenza viruses (HIN1 series), SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, and, recently, SARS-CoV-2 are reported to cause various neurological manifestations in patients and are proven to be neuropathogenic even in cellular and animal model systems. This review presents a comprehensive picture of CNS susceptibilities toward these peripheral viral infections and explains some common underlying themes of their neuropathology in the human brain.
Keywords: Influenza; SARS-CoV-2; coronaviruses; cytokine storm; encephalitis; microglial priming; neuroinflammation.
. 2020 Sep 10;11:565521.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.565521. eCollection 2020.
Neurological Damage by Coronaviruses: A Catastrophe in the Queue!
Ritu Mishra[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Akhil C Banerjea[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 33013930
- PMCID: PMC7511585
- DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.565521
Abstract
Neurological disorders caused by neuroviral infections are an obvious pathogenic manifestation. However, non-neurotropic viruses or peripheral viral infections pose a considerable challenge as their neuropathological manifestations do not emerge because of primary infection. Their secondary or bystander pathologies develop much later, like a syndrome, during and after the recovery of patients from the primary disease. Massive inflammation caused by peripheral viral infections can trigger multiple neurological anomalies. These neurological damages may range from a general cognitive and motor dysfunction up to a wide spectrum of CNS anomalies, such as Acute Necrotizing Hemorrhagic Encephalopathy, Guillain-Barr? syndrome, Encephalitis, Meningitis, anxiety, and other audio-visual disabilities. Peripheral viruses like Measles virus, Enteroviruses, Influenza viruses (HIN1 series), SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, and, recently, SARS-CoV-2 are reported to cause various neurological manifestations in patients and are proven to be neuropathogenic even in cellular and animal model systems. This review presents a comprehensive picture of CNS susceptibilities toward these peripheral viral infections and explains some common underlying themes of their neuropathology in the human brain.
Keywords: Influenza; SARS-CoV-2; coronaviruses; cytokine storm; encephalitis; microglial priming; neuroinflammation.