tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Front Immunol
. 2020 Oct 15;11:567710.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.567710. eCollection 2020.
Is Cross-Reactive Immunity Triggering COVID-19 Immunopathogenesis?
Alberto Beretta[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Martin Cranage[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Donato Zipeto[SUP] 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
The serological responses to both SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 virus have some unique characteristics that suggest cross-reactive priming by other human coronaviruses (hCoVs). The early kinetics and magnitude of these responses are, in some cases, associated with worse clinical outcomes in SARS and COVID-19. Cross-reactive hCoV antibody responses have been detected in both SARS and COVID-19 patients. There is also evidence that pre-existing T cell immunity to common cold coronaviruses can prime the response to SARS-CoV-2. Studies in non-human primates show that SARS-CoV-1 S-protein vaccine-induced antibodies are associated with acute lung injury in macaques challenged with SARS-CoV-1. Here we discuss the potential of cross-reactive immunity to drive the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 and its implications for current efforts to develop immune-based therapies and vaccines.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; antibody-dependent enhancement; cross-reactivity; human coronaviruses; immunopathogenesis.
. 2020 Oct 15;11:567710.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.567710. eCollection 2020.
Is Cross-Reactive Immunity Triggering COVID-19 Immunopathogenesis?
Alberto Beretta[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Martin Cranage[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Donato Zipeto[SUP] 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 33178193
- PMCID: PMC7594548
- DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.567710
Abstract
The serological responses to both SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 virus have some unique characteristics that suggest cross-reactive priming by other human coronaviruses (hCoVs). The early kinetics and magnitude of these responses are, in some cases, associated with worse clinical outcomes in SARS and COVID-19. Cross-reactive hCoV antibody responses have been detected in both SARS and COVID-19 patients. There is also evidence that pre-existing T cell immunity to common cold coronaviruses can prime the response to SARS-CoV-2. Studies in non-human primates show that SARS-CoV-1 S-protein vaccine-induced antibodies are associated with acute lung injury in macaques challenged with SARS-CoV-1. Here we discuss the potential of cross-reactive immunity to drive the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 and its implications for current efforts to develop immune-based therapies and vaccines.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; antibody-dependent enhancement; cross-reactivity; human coronaviruses; immunopathogenesis.