tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Front Immunol
. 2022 May 17;13:883612.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.883612. eCollection 2022.
At Least Three Doses of Leading Vaccines Essential for Neutralisation of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant
Nagendrakumar B Singanallur[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Petrus Jansen van Vuren[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Alexander J McAuley[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Matthew P Bruce[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Michael J Kuiper[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Stella M Gwini[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Shane Riddell[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sarah Goldie[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Trevor W Drew[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kim R Blasdell[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mary Tachedjian[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Shruthi Mangalaganesh[SUP] 1 4 [/SUP], Simran Chahal[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Leon Caly[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Julian D Druce[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Jennifer A Juno[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Stephen J Kent[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Adam K Wheatley[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Seshadri S Vasan[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Plasma samples taken at different time points from donors who received either AstraZeneca (Vaxzevria) or Pfizer (Comirnaty) or Moderna (Spikevax) coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccine were assessed in virus neutralization assays against Delta and Omicron variants of concern and a reference isolate (VIC31). With the Pfizer vaccine there was 6-8-fold reduction in 50% neutralizing antibody titres (NT[SUB]50[/SUB]) against Delta and VIC31 at 6 months compared to 2 weeks after the second dose; followed by 25-fold increase at 2 weeks after the third dose. Neutralisation of Omicron was only consistently observed 2 weeks after the third dose, with most samples having titres below the limit of detection at earlier timepoints. Moderna results were similar to Pfizer at 2 weeks after the second dose, while the titres for AstraZeneca samples derived from older donors were 7-fold lower against VIC31 and below the limit of detection against Delta and Omicron. Age and gender were not found to significantly impact our results. These findings indicate that vaccine matching may be needed, and that at least a third dose of these vaccines is necessary to generate sufficient neutralising antibodies against emerging variants of concern, especially Omicron, amidst the challenges of ensuring vaccine equity worldwide.
Keywords: AlphaFold; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; biomolecular modelling; neutralising antibody titres; spike protein; vaccines; variants of concern.
. 2022 May 17;13:883612.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.883612. eCollection 2022.
At Least Three Doses of Leading Vaccines Essential for Neutralisation of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant
Nagendrakumar B Singanallur[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Petrus Jansen van Vuren[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Alexander J McAuley[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Matthew P Bruce[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Michael J Kuiper[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Stella M Gwini[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Shane Riddell[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sarah Goldie[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Trevor W Drew[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kim R Blasdell[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mary Tachedjian[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Shruthi Mangalaganesh[SUP] 1 4 [/SUP], Simran Chahal[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Leon Caly[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Julian D Druce[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Jennifer A Juno[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Stephen J Kent[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Adam K Wheatley[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Seshadri S Vasan[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35655773
- PMCID: PMC9152325
- DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.883612
Abstract
Plasma samples taken at different time points from donors who received either AstraZeneca (Vaxzevria) or Pfizer (Comirnaty) or Moderna (Spikevax) coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccine were assessed in virus neutralization assays against Delta and Omicron variants of concern and a reference isolate (VIC31). With the Pfizer vaccine there was 6-8-fold reduction in 50% neutralizing antibody titres (NT[SUB]50[/SUB]) against Delta and VIC31 at 6 months compared to 2 weeks after the second dose; followed by 25-fold increase at 2 weeks after the third dose. Neutralisation of Omicron was only consistently observed 2 weeks after the third dose, with most samples having titres below the limit of detection at earlier timepoints. Moderna results were similar to Pfizer at 2 weeks after the second dose, while the titres for AstraZeneca samples derived from older donors were 7-fold lower against VIC31 and below the limit of detection against Delta and Omicron. Age and gender were not found to significantly impact our results. These findings indicate that vaccine matching may be needed, and that at least a third dose of these vaccines is necessary to generate sufficient neutralising antibodies against emerging variants of concern, especially Omicron, amidst the challenges of ensuring vaccine equity worldwide.
Keywords: AlphaFold; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; biomolecular modelling; neutralising antibody titres; spike protein; vaccines; variants of concern.