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Role of receptor binding specificity in influenza A virus transmission and pathogenesis
Miranda de Graaf, Ron A M Fouchier
DOI: 10.1002/embj.201387442 |Published 25.03.2014
Miranda de Graaf1 and
Ron A M Fouchier*,1
1Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
↵*Corresponding author. Tel: +31 10 7044067; Fax: +31 10 7044760; E‐mail: r.fouchier{at}erasmusmc.nl
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Abstract
The recent emergence of a novel avian A/H7N9 influenza virus in poultry and humans in China, as well as laboratory studies on adaptation and transmission of avian A/H5N1 influenza viruses, has shed new light on influenza virus adaptation to mammals. One of the biological traits required for animal influenza viruses to cross the species barrier that received considerable attention in animal model studies, in vitro assays, and structural analyses is receptor binding specificity. Sialylated glycans present on the apical surface of host cells can function as receptors for the influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) protein. Avian and human influenza viruses typically have a different sialic acid (SA)‐binding preference and only few amino acid changes in the HA protein can cause a switch from avian to human receptor specificity. Recent experiments using glycan arrays, virus histochemistry, animal models, and structural analyses of HA have added a wealth of knowledge on receptor binding specificity. Here, we review recent data on the interaction between influenza virus HA and SA receptors of the host, and the impact on virus host range, pathogenesis, and transmission. Remaining challenges and future research priorities are also discussed.
http://emboj.embopress.org/content/early/2014/03/24/embj.201387442
Miranda de Graaf, Ron A M Fouchier
DOI: 10.1002/embj.201387442 |Published 25.03.2014
Miranda de Graaf1 and
Ron A M Fouchier*,1
1Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
↵*Corresponding author. Tel: +31 10 7044067; Fax: +31 10 7044760; E‐mail: r.fouchier{at}erasmusmc.nl
Article
Figures & Data
Transparent Process
Abstract
The recent emergence of a novel avian A/H7N9 influenza virus in poultry and humans in China, as well as laboratory studies on adaptation and transmission of avian A/H5N1 influenza viruses, has shed new light on influenza virus adaptation to mammals. One of the biological traits required for animal influenza viruses to cross the species barrier that received considerable attention in animal model studies, in vitro assays, and structural analyses is receptor binding specificity. Sialylated glycans present on the apical surface of host cells can function as receptors for the influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) protein. Avian and human influenza viruses typically have a different sialic acid (SA)‐binding preference and only few amino acid changes in the HA protein can cause a switch from avian to human receptor specificity. Recent experiments using glycan arrays, virus histochemistry, animal models, and structural analyses of HA have added a wealth of knowledge on receptor binding specificity. Here, we review recent data on the interaction between influenza virus HA and SA receptors of the host, and the impact on virus host range, pathogenesis, and transmission. Remaining challenges and future research priorities are also discussed.
http://emboj.embopress.org/content/early/2014/03/24/embj.201387442