tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
F1000Res
. 2020 Nov 12;9:1316.
doi: 10.12688/f1000research.27334.1. eCollection 2020.
Global prevalence and pathogenesis of headache in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Endang Mutiawati[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Syahrul Syahrul[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Marhami Fahriani[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jonny Karunia Fajar[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Sukamto S Mamada[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Helnida Anggun Maliga[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Nur Samsu[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Muhammad Ilmawan[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Yeni Purnamasari[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Annisa Ayu Asmiragani[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Ichsan Ichsan[SUP] 3 7 [/SUP], Talha Bin Emran[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Ali A Rabaan[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Sri Masyeni[SUP] 10 11 [/SUP], Firzan Nainu[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Harapan Harapan[SUP] 3 7 12 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of headache in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to assess its association as a predictor for COVID-19. This study also aimed to discuss the possible pathogenesis of headache in COVID-19. Methods: Available articles from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched as of September 2 [SUP]nd[/SUP], 2020. Data on characteristics of the study, headache and COVID-19 were extracted following the PRISMA guidelines. Biases were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The cumulative prevalence of headache was calculated for the general population (i.e. adults and children). The pooled odd ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) was calculated using the Z test to assess the association between headache and the presence of COVID-19 cases. Results: We included 104,751 COVID-19 cases from 78 eligible studies to calculate the global prevalence of headache in COVID-19 and 17 studies were included to calculate the association of headache and COVID-19. The cumulative prevalence of headache in COVID-19 was 25.2% (26,464 out of 104,751 cases). Headache was found to be more prevalent, approximately by two-fold, in COVID-19 patients than in non-COVID-19 patients with symptoms of other respiratory viral infections, OR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.94, 2.5 with p=0.04. Conclusion: Headache is common among COVID-19 patients and seems to be more common in COVID-19 patients compared to those with the non-COVID-19 viral infection. No definitive mechanisms on how headache emerges in COVID-19 patients but several possible hypotheses have been proposed. However, extensive studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanisms. PROSPERO registration: CRD42020210332 (28/09/2020).
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; headache; predictor; severity.
. 2020 Nov 12;9:1316.
doi: 10.12688/f1000research.27334.1. eCollection 2020.
Global prevalence and pathogenesis of headache in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Endang Mutiawati[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Syahrul Syahrul[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Marhami Fahriani[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jonny Karunia Fajar[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Sukamto S Mamada[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Helnida Anggun Maliga[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Nur Samsu[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Muhammad Ilmawan[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Yeni Purnamasari[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Annisa Ayu Asmiragani[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Ichsan Ichsan[SUP] 3 7 [/SUP], Talha Bin Emran[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Ali A Rabaan[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Sri Masyeni[SUP] 10 11 [/SUP], Firzan Nainu[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Harapan Harapan[SUP] 3 7 12 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 33953911
- PMCID: PMC8063523
- DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.27334.1
Abstract
Background: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of headache in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to assess its association as a predictor for COVID-19. This study also aimed to discuss the possible pathogenesis of headache in COVID-19. Methods: Available articles from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched as of September 2 [SUP]nd[/SUP], 2020. Data on characteristics of the study, headache and COVID-19 were extracted following the PRISMA guidelines. Biases were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The cumulative prevalence of headache was calculated for the general population (i.e. adults and children). The pooled odd ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) was calculated using the Z test to assess the association between headache and the presence of COVID-19 cases. Results: We included 104,751 COVID-19 cases from 78 eligible studies to calculate the global prevalence of headache in COVID-19 and 17 studies were included to calculate the association of headache and COVID-19. The cumulative prevalence of headache in COVID-19 was 25.2% (26,464 out of 104,751 cases). Headache was found to be more prevalent, approximately by two-fold, in COVID-19 patients than in non-COVID-19 patients with symptoms of other respiratory viral infections, OR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.94, 2.5 with p=0.04. Conclusion: Headache is common among COVID-19 patients and seems to be more common in COVID-19 patients compared to those with the non-COVID-19 viral infection. No definitive mechanisms on how headache emerges in COVID-19 patients but several possible hypotheses have been proposed. However, extensive studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanisms. PROSPERO registration: CRD42020210332 (28/09/2020).
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; headache; predictor; severity.