tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Exp Mol Med
. 2021 May 6.
doi: 10.1038/s12276-021-00592-0. Online ahead of print.
Type I and III interferon responses in SARS-CoV-2 infection
You-Me Kim[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Eui-Cheol Shin[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the current pandemic disease, is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Type I and III interferons (IFNs) are innate cytokines that are important in the first-line defense against viruses. Similar to many other viruses, SARS-CoV-2 has evolved mechanisms for evading the antiviral effects of type I and III IFNs at multiple levels, including the induction of IFN expression and cellular responses to IFNs. In this review, we describe the innate sensing mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 and the mechanisms used by SARS-CoV-2 to evade type I and III IFN responses. We also discuss contradictory reports regarding impaired and robust type I IFN responses in patients with severe COVID-19. Finally, we discuss how delayed but exaggerated type I IFN responses can exacerbate inflammation and contribute to the severe progression of COVID-19.
. 2021 May 6.
doi: 10.1038/s12276-021-00592-0. Online ahead of print.
Type I and III interferon responses in SARS-CoV-2 infection
You-Me Kim[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Eui-Cheol Shin[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 33953323
- DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00592-0
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the current pandemic disease, is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Type I and III interferons (IFNs) are innate cytokines that are important in the first-line defense against viruses. Similar to many other viruses, SARS-CoV-2 has evolved mechanisms for evading the antiviral effects of type I and III IFNs at multiple levels, including the induction of IFN expression and cellular responses to IFNs. In this review, we describe the innate sensing mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 and the mechanisms used by SARS-CoV-2 to evade type I and III IFN responses. We also discuss contradictory reports regarding impaired and robust type I IFN responses in patients with severe COVID-19. Finally, we discuss how delayed but exaggerated type I IFN responses can exacerbate inflammation and contribute to the severe progression of COVID-19.