Eurosurv. Autochthonous dengue outbreak in N?mes, South of France, July to September 2015

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Eurosurveillance, Volume 21, Issue 21, 26 May 2016
Surveillance and outbreak report

Autochthonous dengue outbreak in N?mes, South of France, July to September 2015


T Succo [SUP]1[/SUP] , I Leparc-Goffart [SUP]2[/SUP] , J Ferr? [SUP]3[/SUP] , D Roiz [SUP]4[/SUP] , B Broche [SUP]5[/SUP] , M Maquart [SUP]2[/SUP] , H Noel [SUP]6[/SUP] , O Catelinois [SUP]1[/SUP] , F Entezam [SUP]5[/SUP] , D Caire [SUP]3[/SUP] , F Jourdain [SUP]7[/SUP] , I Esteve-Moussion [SUP]5[/SUP] , A Cochet [SUP]1[/SUP] , C Paupy [SUP]4[/SUP] , C Rousseau [SUP]1[/SUP] , M Paty [SUP]6[/SUP] , F Golliot [SUP]1[/SUP]
+ Author affiliations
1. Regional office of the French Public Health Agency (Cire Languedoc-Roussillon Midi-Pyr?n?es), Montpellier, France
2. Institut de Recherche Biom?dicale des Arm?es, National Reference Laboratory for arboviruses, Marseille, France
3. Entente Interd?partementale pour la D?moustication du littoral M?diterran?en (EID M?diterran?e), Public mosquito control operator, Montpellier, France
4. Laboratory MIVEGEC (UMR 224-5290 CNRS-IRD-UM), Montpellier, France
5. Regional Health Agency of Languedoc-Roussillon Midi-Pyr?n?es, Montpellier, France
6. The French Public Health Agency (Sant? publique France), Saint-Maurice, France
7. French National Centre of Expertise on Vectors, Montpellier, France


Correspondence: Tiphanie Succo (tiphanie.succo@ars.sante.fr)

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Citation style for this article: Succo T, Leparc-Goffart I, Ferr? J, Roiz D, Broche B, Maquart M, Noel H, Catelinois O, Entezam F, Caire D, Jourdain F, Esteve-Moussion I, Cochet A, Paupy C, Rousseau C, Paty M, Golliot F. Autochthonous dengue outbreak in N?mes, South of France, July to September 2015. Euro Surveill. 2016;21(21)ii=30240. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.21.30240

Received:22 December 2015; Accepted:10 May 2016

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In August and September 2015, seven locally acquired cases of dengue virus type 1 (DENV-1) were detected in N?mes, south of France, where Aedes albopictus has been established since 2011. Epidemiological and entomological investigations allowed to steer vector control measures to contain transmission. An imported case from French Polynesia with onset fever on 4 July was identified as primary case. This outbreak occurred from 8 August to 11 September in a 300 m radius area. Six sprayings to control mosquitos were performed in the affected area. We describe the first considerable dengue outbreak in mainland France where only sporadic cases of autochthonous dengue were recorded previously (2010, 2013 and 2014). The 69 day-period between the primary case and the last autochthonous case suggests multiple episodes of mosquito infections. The absence of notification of autochthonous cases during the month following the primary case?s symptoms onset could be explained by the occurrence of inapparent illness. Recurrence of cases every year since 2013, the size of the 2015 outbreak and continuing expansion of areas with presence of Ae. albopictus highlight the threat of arboviral diseases in parts of Europe. Thus, European guidelines should be assessed and adjusted to the current context.

http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=22485

 

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Dengue and other Aedes-borne viruses: a threat to Europe?
Citation style for this article: Rezza G. Dengue and other Aedes-borne viruses: a threat to Europe?. Euro Surveill. 2016;21(21)ii=30238. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.21.30238
Received:24 May 2016; Accepted:26 May 2016

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At the beginning of the 20[SUP]th[/SUP] century, dengue outbreaks were rather common in the Mediterranean basin. The last major epidemic on the European continent occurred in 1927/28 and predominantly affected Athens and neighbouring areas of Greece. After a first mild wave, which nearly ended with the arrival of cold weather in the winter season, a small number of cases continued to occur through the winter and spring, increasing dramatically in August 1928 [1-3]. It is conceivable that both the virus and its primary vector, the Aedes aegypti mosquito, survived the winter in the city, inside heated houses. Serological surveys detected neutralising antibodies to different dengue virus (DENV) serotypes in samples of individuals living in Athens in that period [4,5]. Some time after this severe outbreak, with 1,000 to 1,500 deaths, both dengue and its primary vector ?abandoned? the European continent.
The outbreak of seven autochthonous dengue cases reported by Succo et al. in this issue of Eurosurveillance [6] was triggered by one infected traveller returning from French Polynesia in the summer of 2015, and occurred in an area where another vector, Ae. albopictus, the Asian Tiger mosquito, was established in 2005.

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http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=22486