Giuseppe
Emeritus
[Source: Eurosurveillance, full text: (LINK). Abstract, edited.]
M Georgiev (
)<SUP>1</SUP>, A Afonso<SUP>2</SUP>, H Neubauer<SUP>3</SUP>, Howard Needham<SUP>4</SUP>, R Thi?ry<SUP>5</SUP>, A Rodolakis<SUP>6</SUP>, H J Roest<SUP>7</SUP>, K D St?rk<SUP>8</SUP>, J A Stegeman<SUP>9</SUP>, P Vellema<SUP>10</SUP>, W van der Hoek<SUP>11</SUP>, S J More<SUP>12</SUP>
Citation style for this article: Georgiev M, Afonso A, Neubauer H, Needham H, Thi?ry R, Rodolakis A, Roest HJ, St?rk KD, Stegeman JA, Vellema P, van der Hoek W, More SJ. Q fever in humans and farm animals in four European countries, 1982 to 2010. Euro Surveill. 2013;18(8)
ii=20407. Available online: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=20407
Date of submission: 20 April 2012 <HR>Q fever is a disease of humans, caused by Coxiella burnetii, and a large range of animals can be infected. This paper presents a review of the epidemiology of Q fever in humans and farm animals between 1982 and 2010, using case studies from four European countries (Bulgaria, France, Germany and the Netherlands). The Netherlands had a large outbreak between 2007 and 2010, and the other countries a history of Q fever and Q fever research. Within all four countries, the serological prevalence of C. burnetii infection and reported incidence of Q fever varies broadly in both farm animals and humans. Proximity to farm animals and contact with infected animals or their birth products have been identified as the most important risk factors for human disease. Intrinsic farm factors, such as production systems and management, influence the number of outbreaks in an area. A number of disease control options have been used in these four countries, including measures to increase diagnostic accuracy and general awareness, and actions to reduce spill-over (of infection from farm animals to humans) and human exposure. This study highlights gaps in knowledge, and future research needs.
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Eurosurveillance, Volume 18, Issue 8, 21 February 2013
Review articles
Q fever in humans and farm animals in four European countries, 1982 to 2010
Review articles
Q fever in humans and farm animals in four European countries, 1982 to 2010
M Georgiev (
- Royal Veterinary College (RVC), London, United Kingdom
- European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Parma, Italy
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Institute for Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Jena, Germany
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Sophia-Antipolis, Unit? pathologie des ruminants, Sophia-Antipolis, France
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ur1282 Infectiologie Animale et Sant? Publique, Nouzilly, France
- Department of Bacteriology and TSEs, Central Veterinary Institute, part of Wageningen UR, Lelystad, Netherlands
- SAFOSO, Safe Food Solutions Inc., Bern, Switzerland
- University of Utrecht, Dept. Farm Animal Health, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Small Ruminant Health, Animal Health Service GD Deventer, Deventer, Netherlands
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology and Risk Analysis, UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
Citation style for this article: Georgiev M, Afonso A, Neubauer H, Needham H, Thi?ry R, Rodolakis A, Roest HJ, St?rk KD, Stegeman JA, Vellema P, van der Hoek W, More SJ. Q fever in humans and farm animals in four European countries, 1982 to 2010. Euro Surveill. 2013;18(8)
ii=20407. Available online: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=20407 Date of submission: 20 April 2012 <HR>Q fever is a disease of humans, caused by Coxiella burnetii, and a large range of animals can be infected. This paper presents a review of the epidemiology of Q fever in humans and farm animals between 1982 and 2010, using case studies from four European countries (Bulgaria, France, Germany and the Netherlands). The Netherlands had a large outbreak between 2007 and 2010, and the other countries a history of Q fever and Q fever research. Within all four countries, the serological prevalence of C. burnetii infection and reported incidence of Q fever varies broadly in both farm animals and humans. Proximity to farm animals and contact with infected animals or their birth products have been identified as the most important risk factors for human disease. Intrinsic farm factors, such as production systems and management, influence the number of outbreaks in an area. A number of disease control options have been used in these four countries, including measures to increase diagnostic accuracy and general awareness, and actions to reduce spill-over (of infection from farm animals to humans) and human exposure. This study highlights gaps in knowledge, and future research needs.