Giuseppe
Emeritus
Human activities predominate in determining changing incidence of tick-borne encephalitis in Europe (Euro Surveill., abstract, edited)
[Source: EuroSurveillance.org, <cite cite="http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=19606">Eurosurveillance - View Article</cite>. Abstract, edited.]
Eurosurveillance, Volume 15, Issue 27, 08 July 2010
Review articles
Human activities predominate in determining changing incidence of tick-borne encephalitis in Europe
S E Randolph 1, on behalf of the EDEN-TBD sub-project team 2
1. Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom
2. The members of the team are listed at the end of the article
Citation style for this article: Randolph SE, on behalf of the EDEN-TBD sub-project team. Human activities predominate in determining changing incidence of tick-borne encephalitis in Europe. Euro Surveill. 2010;15(27)
ii=19606. Available online: (LINK)
Date of submission: 16 June 2009
Explanations for the dynamics of tick-borne disease systems usually focus on changes in the transmission potential in natural enzootic cycles. These are undoubtedly important, but recent analyses reveal that they may not be quantitatively the most significant side of the interaction between infected ticks and humans. Variation in human activities that may impact inadvertently but positively on both the enzootic cycles and the degree of human exposure to those cycles, provide more robust explanations for recent upsurges in tick-borne encephalitis in Europe. This can account for long-term increases in incidence that coincided with post-soviet political independence, for small-scales spatial variation in incidence within a country, and for short-scale fluctuations such as annual spikes in incidence. The patterns of relevant human activities, typically those related to the use of forest resources, are evidently driven and/or constrained by the cultural and socio-economic circumstances of each population, resulting in contrasting national epidemiological outcomes.
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[Source: EuroSurveillance.org, <cite cite="http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=19606">Eurosurveillance - View Article</cite>. Abstract, edited.]
Eurosurveillance, Volume 15, Issue 27, 08 July 2010
Review articles
Human activities predominate in determining changing incidence of tick-borne encephalitis in Europe
S E Randolph 1, on behalf of the EDEN-TBD sub-project team 2
1. Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom
2. The members of the team are listed at the end of the article
Citation style for this article: Randolph SE, on behalf of the EDEN-TBD sub-project team. Human activities predominate in determining changing incidence of tick-borne encephalitis in Europe. Euro Surveill. 2010;15(27)
ii=19606. Available online: (LINK) Date of submission: 16 June 2009
Explanations for the dynamics of tick-borne disease systems usually focus on changes in the transmission potential in natural enzootic cycles. These are undoubtedly important, but recent analyses reveal that they may not be quantitatively the most significant side of the interaction between infected ticks and humans. Variation in human activities that may impact inadvertently but positively on both the enzootic cycles and the degree of human exposure to those cycles, provide more robust explanations for recent upsurges in tick-borne encephalitis in Europe. This can account for long-term increases in incidence that coincided with post-soviet political independence, for small-scales spatial variation in incidence within a country, and for short-scale fluctuations such as annual spikes in incidence. The patterns of relevant human activities, typically those related to the use of forest resources, are evidently driven and/or constrained by the cultural and socio-economic circumstances of each population, resulting in contrasting national epidemiological outcomes.
-
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