tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Eur Radiol
. 2023 May 5.
doi: 10.1007/s00330-023-09662-5. Online ahead of print. Prediction of effective humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in healthy subjects by cortical thickness of post-vaccination reactive lymphadenopathy
Alba Cristina Igual-Rouilleault[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ignacio Soriano[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Paola Leonor Quan[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Gabriel Reina[SUP] 4 [/SUP], José Luis Del Pozo[SUP] 5 6 [/SUP], Álvaro Gónzalez[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Leire Fernández-Ciriza[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Alejandro Fernández-Montero[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Luis Pina[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Arlette Elizalde[SUP] 10 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Purpose: To study the association between ultrasound cortical thickness in reactive post-vaccination lymph nodes and the elicited humoral response and to evaluate the performance of cortical thickness as a predictor of vaccine effectiveness in patients with and without a previous history of COVID-19 infection.
Methods: A total of 156 healthy volunteers were recruited and followed prospectively after receiving two COVID-19 vaccination doses using different protocols. Within a week after receiving the second dose, an axillary ultrasound of the ipsilateral vaccinated arm was performed, and serial post-vaccination serologic tests (PVST) were collected. Maximum cortical thickness was chosen as a nodal feature to analyze association with humoral immunity. Total antibodies quantified during consecutive PVST in previously-infected patients and in coronavirus-naïve volunteers were compared (Mann-Whitney U test). The association between hyperplastic-reactive lymph nodes and effective humoral response was studied (odds ratio). The performance of cortical thickness in detecting vaccination effectiveness was evaluated (area under the ROC curve).
Results: Significantly higher values for total antibodies were observed in volunteers with a previous history of COVID-19 infection (p < 0.001). The odds ratio associating immunized coronavirus-naïve volunteers after 90 and 180 days of the second dose with a cortical thickness ≥ 3 mm was statistically significant (95% CI 1.52-6.97 and 95% CI 1.47-7.29, respectively). The best AUC result was obtained comparing antibody secretion of coronavirus-naïve volunteers at 180 days (0.738).
Conclusions: Ultrasound cortical thickness of reactive lymph nodes in coronavirus-naïve patients may reflect antibody production and a long-term effective humoral response elicited by vaccination.
Clinical relevance statement: In coronavirus-naïve patients, ultrasound cortical thickness of post-vaccination reactive lymphadenopathy shows a positive association with protective antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2, especially in the long term, providing new insights into previous publications.
Key points: • Hyperplastic lymphadenopathy was frequently observed after COVID-19 vaccination. • Ultrasound cortical thickness of reactive post-vaccine lymph nodes may reflect a long-term effective humoral response in coronavirus-naïve patients.
Keywords: COVID-19 vaccines; Healthy volunteers; Lymphadenopathy.
. 2023 May 5.
doi: 10.1007/s00330-023-09662-5. Online ahead of print. Prediction of effective humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in healthy subjects by cortical thickness of post-vaccination reactive lymphadenopathy
Alba Cristina Igual-Rouilleault[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ignacio Soriano[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Paola Leonor Quan[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Gabriel Reina[SUP] 4 [/SUP], José Luis Del Pozo[SUP] 5 6 [/SUP], Álvaro Gónzalez[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Leire Fernández-Ciriza[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Alejandro Fernández-Montero[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Luis Pina[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Arlette Elizalde[SUP] 10 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 37142867
- DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09662-5
Purpose: To study the association between ultrasound cortical thickness in reactive post-vaccination lymph nodes and the elicited humoral response and to evaluate the performance of cortical thickness as a predictor of vaccine effectiveness in patients with and without a previous history of COVID-19 infection.
Methods: A total of 156 healthy volunteers were recruited and followed prospectively after receiving two COVID-19 vaccination doses using different protocols. Within a week after receiving the second dose, an axillary ultrasound of the ipsilateral vaccinated arm was performed, and serial post-vaccination serologic tests (PVST) were collected. Maximum cortical thickness was chosen as a nodal feature to analyze association with humoral immunity. Total antibodies quantified during consecutive PVST in previously-infected patients and in coronavirus-naïve volunteers were compared (Mann-Whitney U test). The association between hyperplastic-reactive lymph nodes and effective humoral response was studied (odds ratio). The performance of cortical thickness in detecting vaccination effectiveness was evaluated (area under the ROC curve).
Results: Significantly higher values for total antibodies were observed in volunteers with a previous history of COVID-19 infection (p < 0.001). The odds ratio associating immunized coronavirus-naïve volunteers after 90 and 180 days of the second dose with a cortical thickness ≥ 3 mm was statistically significant (95% CI 1.52-6.97 and 95% CI 1.47-7.29, respectively). The best AUC result was obtained comparing antibody secretion of coronavirus-naïve volunteers at 180 days (0.738).
Conclusions: Ultrasound cortical thickness of reactive lymph nodes in coronavirus-naïve patients may reflect antibody production and a long-term effective humoral response elicited by vaccination.
Clinical relevance statement: In coronavirus-naïve patients, ultrasound cortical thickness of post-vaccination reactive lymphadenopathy shows a positive association with protective antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2, especially in the long term, providing new insights into previous publications.
Key points: • Hyperplastic lymphadenopathy was frequently observed after COVID-19 vaccination. • Ultrasound cortical thickness of reactive post-vaccine lymph nodes may reflect a long-term effective humoral response in coronavirus-naïve patients.
Keywords: COVID-19 vaccines; Healthy volunteers; Lymphadenopathy.