tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Eur J Psychotraumatol
. 2022 Jul 25;13(1):2095133.
doi: 10.1080/20008198.2022.2095133. eCollection 2022.
Recovering from COVID-19: psychological sequelae and post-traumatic growth six months after discharge
Federica Bonazza[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Chiara Luridiana Battistini[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Giulia Fior[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Emilio Bergamelli[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Federico Wiedenmann[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Armando D'Agostino[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Giuseppe Francesco Sferrazza Papa[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Lidia Borghi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kyrie Piscopo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Elena Vegni[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Giulia Lamiani[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
in English, Spanish, Chinese
Background: Clinical and scientific evidence has shown that a range of long-lasting symptoms can persist in the post-virological period. However, little is known about the psychological sequelae of patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Objective: This study aims to assess the prevalence of anxiety-depressive symptoms, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and post-traumatic growth among patients hospitalized for COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic 6 months after discharge, and to identify sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with psychological outcomes. Method: This cross-sectional cohort study enrolled recovered COVID-19 patients during a multidisciplinary follow-up screening. At 6 months post-discharge, participants underwent a remote assessment with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus and completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, and Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory. Descriptive and regression analyses were conducted. Results: The sample was composed of 100 patients, mainly males (72%), with a mean ± SD age of 58.7 ± 11.8 years. Regarding psychological symptoms, 34% and 24% of patients, respectively, reported anxiety and depression over the clinical threshold, and 20% met the criteria for a possible PTSD diagnosis. Psychological symptoms were associated with the presence of a mood disorder in the patient's clinical history and having received a psychological consultation after discharge. Post-traumatic growth was associated with younger age and having received a psychological consultation after discharge. Conclusions: A high prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms, potentially indicative for a mood or anxiety disorder, and PTSD was confirmed among COVID-19 survivors after 6 months. Anxiety and depressive symptoms and PTSD were associated with a previous diagnosis of a mood disorder and having received psychological consultation. Post-traumatic growth was associated with younger age and having received psychological consultation. Tailored psychological interventions could help to elaborate the psychological suffering and foster post-traumatic growth after a traumatic experience such as COVID-19 hospitalization.
Highlights: A high prevalence of psychological symptoms has been observed among COVID-19 survivors 6 months after hospitalization.Tailored psychological interventions could help to contain the psychological sequelae and facilitate post-traumatic growth.
Keywords: COVID-19; Post-COVID syndrome; anxiety; depression; post-traumatic growth; post-traumatic stress disorder.
. 2022 Jul 25;13(1):2095133.
doi: 10.1080/20008198.2022.2095133. eCollection 2022.
Recovering from COVID-19: psychological sequelae and post-traumatic growth six months after discharge
Federica Bonazza[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Chiara Luridiana Battistini[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Giulia Fior[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Emilio Bergamelli[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Federico Wiedenmann[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Armando D'Agostino[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Giuseppe Francesco Sferrazza Papa[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Lidia Borghi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kyrie Piscopo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Elena Vegni[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Giulia Lamiani[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35903268
- PMCID: PMC9318207
- DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2022.2095133
Abstract
in English, Spanish, Chinese
Background: Clinical and scientific evidence has shown that a range of long-lasting symptoms can persist in the post-virological period. However, little is known about the psychological sequelae of patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Objective: This study aims to assess the prevalence of anxiety-depressive symptoms, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and post-traumatic growth among patients hospitalized for COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic 6 months after discharge, and to identify sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with psychological outcomes. Method: This cross-sectional cohort study enrolled recovered COVID-19 patients during a multidisciplinary follow-up screening. At 6 months post-discharge, participants underwent a remote assessment with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus and completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, and Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory. Descriptive and regression analyses were conducted. Results: The sample was composed of 100 patients, mainly males (72%), with a mean ± SD age of 58.7 ± 11.8 years. Regarding psychological symptoms, 34% and 24% of patients, respectively, reported anxiety and depression over the clinical threshold, and 20% met the criteria for a possible PTSD diagnosis. Psychological symptoms were associated with the presence of a mood disorder in the patient's clinical history and having received a psychological consultation after discharge. Post-traumatic growth was associated with younger age and having received a psychological consultation after discharge. Conclusions: A high prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms, potentially indicative for a mood or anxiety disorder, and PTSD was confirmed among COVID-19 survivors after 6 months. Anxiety and depressive symptoms and PTSD were associated with a previous diagnosis of a mood disorder and having received psychological consultation. Post-traumatic growth was associated with younger age and having received psychological consultation. Tailored psychological interventions could help to elaborate the psychological suffering and foster post-traumatic growth after a traumatic experience such as COVID-19 hospitalization.
Highlights: A high prevalence of psychological symptoms has been observed among COVID-19 survivors 6 months after hospitalization.Tailored psychological interventions could help to contain the psychological sequelae and facilitate post-traumatic growth.
Keywords: COVID-19; Post-COVID syndrome; anxiety; depression; post-traumatic growth; post-traumatic stress disorder.